docs: README - add niri

feat: niri - more settings

.envrc

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+use flake

.gitattributes

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+# https://github.com/github-linguist/linguist/blob/master/docs/overrides.md
+
+home/linux/desktop/i3/conf/polybar/** linguist-vendored

.github/FUNDING.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+github: ryan4yin
+patreon: ryan4yin
+custom: ["https://buymeacoffee.com/ryan4yin"]

.github/workflows/flake_evaltests.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+name: Nix Flake Eval Tests
+
+on:
+  push:
+    branches:
+      - main
+    paths-ignore:
+      - "scripts/**"
+      - "**.md"
+      - "**.nu"
+      - "Justfile"
+  pull_request:
+    branches:
+      - main
+    paths-ignore:
+      - "scripts/**"
+      - "**.md"
+      - "**.nu"
+      - "Justfile"
+
+jobs:
+  checks:
+    name: Check expressions
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+
+    steps:
+      - name: Checkout repository
+        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - name: Install nix
+        uses: cachix/install-nix-action@v24
+        with:
+          install_url: https://nixos.org/nix/install
+          extra_nix_config: |
+            access-tokens = github.com=${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
+            experimental-features = nix-command flakes
+
+      - name: Run Nix Flake Eval Tests
+        run: |
+          echo 'Flake Eval Tests'
+          # stack overflow...
+          # nix eval .#checks --show-trace --print-build-logs --verbose
+          nix eval .#evalTests --show-trace --print-build-logs --verbose

.github/workflows/mirror_to_gitee.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+name: Mirror this repo to Gitee
+on:
+  push:
+    branches:
+      - main
+    tags:
+      - "*"
+
+jobs:
+  mirror:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v3
+        with:
+          fetch-depth: 0
+
+      - name: Mirror repo to Gitee
+        id: mirror-to-gitee
+        shell: bash
+        env:
+          INPUT_SSH_PRIVATE_KEY: ${{ secrets.SSH_PRIVATE_KEY_GITEE_MIRROR }}
+          INPUT_TARGET_REPO_URL: git@gitee.com:ryan_yin/nix-config.git
+        run: |
+          set -eu
+
+          mkdir -p ~/.ssh
+          echo "$INPUT_SSH_PRIVATE_KEY" > ~/.ssh/id_rsa
+          chmod 600 ~/.ssh/id_rsa
+
+          export GIT_SSH_COMMAND="ssh -v -i ~/.ssh/id_rsa -o StrictHostKeyChecking=no"
+          git remote add mirror "$INPUT_TARGET_REPO_URL"
+          git push --tags --force --prune mirror "refs/remotes/origin/*:refs/heads/*"

.gitignore

@@ -1,2 +1,10 @@
+.Trash-1000/
 result
-result/
+result/
+.direnv/
+.DS_Store
+.pre-commit-config.yaml
+logs/
+core*
+!core/
+!core.nix

.prettierignore

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+LICENSE.md
+dist
+pnpm-lock.yaml
+flake.lock
+vercel.json
+cache
+temp
+.temp

.prettierrc.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+# https://prettier.io/docs/en/options
+semi: false
+singleQuote: false
+printWidth: 100
+proseWrap: always # always change wrapping in markdown text
+trailingComma: es5

.typos.toml

@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+[files]
+ignore-dot = true
+ignore-files = true
+extend-exclude = ["themes/", "data/", "static-surprises/", "resources/"]
+
+[default]
+binary = false
+# ignore some special identifiers(sha256, mac address, crypto keys, etc)
+extend-ignore-re = [
+  "iterm2",
+  "iHgEIBYKACAWIQSizQe9ljFEyyclWmtVhZllwnQrSwUCZZ1T9wIdAAAKCRBVhZll", # crypto keys
+  "noice",                                                            # noice.nvim
+  "crypted-nixos",
+  "daed",
+
+  # catppuccin theme colors
+  "11111b",
+  "1e1e2e",
+  "313244",
+  "414356",
+  "45475a",
+  "585b70",
+  "89b4fa",
+  "94e2d5",
+  "a6adc8",
+  "a6e3a1",
+  "bac2de",
+  "cdd6f4",
+  "f38ba8",
+  "f5c2e7",
+  "f5e0dc",
+  "f9e2af",
+  "fab387",
+]

Justfile

@@ -0,0 +1,355 @@
+# just is a command runner, Justfile is very similar to Makefile, but simpler.
+
+# Use nushell for shell commands
+# To use this justfile, you need to enter a shell with just & nushell installed:
+# 
+#   nix shell nixpkgs#just nixpkgs#nushell
+set shell := ["nu", "-c"]
+
+utils_nu := absolute_path("utils.nu")
+
+############################################################################
+#
+#  Common commands(suitable for all machines)
+#
+############################################################################
+
+# List all the just commands
+default:
+    @just --list
+
+# Run eval tests
+[group('nix')]
+test:
+  nix eval .#evalTests --show-trace --print-build-logs --verbose
+
+# Update all the flake inputs
+[group('nix')]
+up:
+  nix flake update --commit-lock-file
+
+# Update specific input
+# Usage: just upp nixpkgs
+[group('nix')]
+upp input:
+  nix flake update {{input}} --commit-lock-file
+
+# List all generations of the system profile
+[group('nix')]
+history:
+  nix profile history --profile /nix/var/nix/profiles/system
+
+# Open a nix shell with the flake
+[group('nix')]
+repl:
+  nix repl -f flake:nixpkgs
+
+# remove all generations older than 7 days
+# on darwin, you may need to switch to root user to run this command
+[group('nix')]
+clean:
+  # Wipe out NixOS's history
+  sudo nix profile wipe-history --profile /nix/var/nix/profiles/system  --older-than 7d
+  # Wipe out home-manager's history
+  nix profile wipe-history --profile $"($env.XDG_STATE_HOME)/nix/profiles/home-manager" --older-than 7d
+
+# Garbage collect all unused nix store entries
+[group('nix')]
+gc:
+  # garbage collect all unused nix store entries(system-wide)
+  sudo nix-collect-garbage --delete-older-than 7d
+  # garbage collect all unused nix store entries(for the user - home-manager)
+  # https://github.com/NixOS/nix/issues/8508
+  nix-collect-garbage --delete-older-than 7d
+
+# Enter a shell session which has all the necessary tools for this flake
+[linux]
+[group('nix')]
+shell:
+  nix shell nixpkgs#git nixpkgs#neovim nixpkgs#colmena
+
+# Enter a shell session which has all the necessary tools for this flake
+[macos]
+[group('nix')]
+shell:
+  nix shell nixpkgs#git nixpkgs#neovim
+
+[group('nix')]
+fmt:
+  # format the nix files in this repo
+  ls **/*.nix | each { |it| nixfmt $it.name }
+
+# Show all the auto gc roots in the nix store
+[group('nix')]
+gcroot:
+  ls -al /nix/var/nix/gcroots/auto/
+
+# Verify all the store entries
+# Nix Store can contains corrupted entries if the nix store object has been modified unexpectedly.
+# This command will verify all the store entries,
+# and we need to fix the corrupted entries manually via `sudo nix store delete <store-path-1> <store-path-2> ...`
+[group('nix')]
+verify-store:
+  nix store verify --all
+
+# Repair Nix Store Objects
+[group('nix')]
+repair-store *paths:
+  nix store repair {{paths}}
+
+# Update all Nixpkgs inputs
+[group('nix')]
+up-nix:
+  nix flake update nixpkgs nixpkgs-stable nixpkgs-unstable nixpkgs-darwin nixpkgs-ollama
+
+############################################################################
+#
+#  NixOS Desktop related commands
+#
+############################################################################
+
+# Deploy the nixosConfiguration by hostname match
+[linux]
+[group('homelab')]
+local mode="default":
+  #!/usr/bin/env nu
+  use {{utils_nu}} *;
+  nixos-switch (hostname) {{mode}}
+
+# Deploy the hyprland nixosConfiguration by hostname match
+[linux]
+[group('desktop')]
+hypr mode="default":
+  #!/usr/bin/env nu
+  use {{utils_nu}} *;
+  nixos-switch $"(hostname)-hyprland" {{mode}}
+
+# Deploy the niri nixosConfiguration by hostname match
+[linux]
+[group('desktop')]
+niri mode="default":
+  #!/usr/bin/env nu
+  use {{utils_nu}} *;
+  nixos-switch $"(hostname)-niri" {{mode}}
+
+############################################################################
+#
+#  Darwin related commands
+#
+############################################################################
+
+[macos]
+[group('desktop')]
+darwin-set-proxy:
+  sudo python3 scripts/darwin_set_proxy.py
+  sleep 1sec
+
+[macos]
+[group('desktop')]
+darwin-rollback:
+  #!/usr/bin/env nu
+  use {{utils_nu}} *;
+  darwin-rollback
+
+# Deploy the darwinConfiguration by hostname match
+[macos]
+[group('desktop')]
+local mode="default": 
+  #!/usr/bin/env nu
+  use {{utils_nu}} *;
+  darwin-build (hostname) {{mode}};
+  darwin-switch (hostname) {{mode}}
+
+
+# Reset launchpad to force it to reindex Applications
+[macos]
+[group('desktop')]
+reset-launchpad:
+  defaults write com.apple.dock ResetLaunchPad -bool true
+  killall Dock
+
+############################################################################
+#
+#  Homelab - Kubevirt Cluster related commands
+#
+############################################################################
+
+# Remote deployment via colmena
+[linux]
+[group('homelab')]
+col tag:
+  colmena apply --on '@{{tag}}' --verbose --show-trace
+
+# Build and upload a vm image
+[linux]
+[group('homelab')]
+upload-vm name mode="default":
+  #!/usr/bin/env nu
+  use {{utils_nu}} *;
+  upload-vm {{name}} {{mode}}
+
+# Deploy all the KubeVirt nodes(Physical machines running KubeVirt)
+[linux]
+[group('homelab')]
+lab:
+  colmena apply --on '@virt-*' --verbose --show-trace
+
+[linux]
+[group('homelab')]
+shoryu:
+  colmena apply --on '@kubevirt-shoryu' --verbose --show-trace
+
+[linux]
+[group('homelab')]
+shushou:
+  colmena apply --on '@kubevirt-shushou' --verbose --show-trace
+
+[linux]
+[group('homelab')]
+youko:
+  colmena apply --on '@kubevirt-youko' --verbose --show-trace
+
+############################################################################
+#
+# Commands for other Virtual Machines
+#
+############################################################################
+
+# Build and upload a vm image
+[linux]
+[group('homelab')]
+upload-idols mode="default":
+  #!/usr/bin/env nu
+  use {{utils_nu}} *; 
+  upload-vm aquamarine {{mode}}
+  upload-vm ruby {{mode}}
+  upload-vm kana {{mode}}
+
+[linux]
+[group('homelab')]
+aqua:
+  colmena apply --on '@aqua' --verbose --show-trace
+
+[linux]
+[group('homelab')]
+ruby:
+  colmena apply --on '@ruby' --verbose --show-trace
+
+[linux]
+[group('homelab')]
+kana:
+  colmena apply --on '@kana' --verbose --show-trace
+
+############################################################################
+#
+# Kubernetes related commands
+#
+############################################################################
+
+# Build and upload a vm image
+[linux]
+[group('homelab')]
+upload-k3s-prod mode="default":
+  #!/usr/bin/env nu
+  use {{utils_nu}} *; 
+  upload-vm k3s-prod-1-master-1 {{mode}}; 
+  upload-vm k3s-prod-1-master-2 {{mode}}; 
+  upload-vm k3s-prod-1-master-3 {{mode}}; 
+  upload-vm k3s-prod-1-worker-1 {{mode}}; 
+  upload-vm k3s-prod-1-worker-2 {{mode}}; 
+  upload-vm k3s-prod-1-worker-3 {{mode}};
+
+[linux]
+[group('homelab')]
+upload-k3s-test mode="default":
+  #!/usr/bin/env nu
+  use {{utils_nu}} *; 
+  upload-vm k3s-test-1-master-1 {{mode}}; 
+  upload-vm k3s-test-1-master-2 {{mode}}; 
+  upload-vm k3s-test-1-master-3 {{mode}};
+
+[linux]
+[group('homelab')]
+k3s-prod:
+  colmena apply --on '@k3s-prod-*' --verbose --show-trace
+
+[linux]
+[group('homelab')]
+k3s-test:
+  colmena apply --on '@k3s-test-*' --verbose --show-trace
+
+# =================================================
+#
+# Other useful commands
+#
+# =================================================
+
+[group('common')]
+path:
+   $env.PATH | split row ":"
+
+[group('common')]
+trace-access app *args:
+  strace -f -t -e trace=file {{app}} {{args}} | complete | $in.stderr | lines | find -v -r "(/nix/store|/newroot|/proc)" | parse --regex '"(/.+)"' | sort | uniq
+
+[linux]
+[group('common')]
+penvof pid:
+  sudo cat $"/proc/($pid)/environ" | tr '\0' '\n'
+
+# Remove all reflog entries and prune unreachable objects
+[group('git')]
+ggc:
+  git reflog expire --expire-unreachable=now --all
+  git gc --prune=now
+
+# Amend the last commit without changing the commit message
+[group('git')]
+game:
+  git commit --amend -a --no-edit
+
+# Delete all failed pods
+[group('k8s')]
+del-failed:
+  kubectl delete pod --all-namespaces --field-selector="status.phase==Failed"
+
+[linux]
+[group('services')]
+list-inactive:
+  systemctl list-units -all --state=inactive
+
+[linux]
+[group('services')]
+list-failed:
+  systemctl list-units -all --state=failed
+
+[linux]
+[group('services')]
+list-systemd:
+  systemctl list-units systemd-*
+
+
+# =================================================
+#
+# Nixpkgs Review via Github Action
+# https://github.com/ryan4yin/nixpkgs-review-gha
+#
+# =================================================
+
+# Run nixpkgs-review for PR
+[linux]
+[group('nixpkgs')]
+pkg-review pr:
+  gh workflow run review.yml --repo ryan4yin/nixpkgs-review-gha -f x86_64-darwin=no -f post-result=true -f pr={{pr}}
+
+# Run package tests for PR
+[linux]
+[group('nixpkgs')]
+pkg-test pr pname:
+  gh workflow run review.yml --repo ryan4yin/nixpkgs-review-gha -f x86_64-darwin=no -f post-result=true -f pr={{pr}} -f extra-args="-p {{pname}}.passthru.tests"
+
+# View the summary of a workflow
+[linux]
+[group('nixpkgs')]
+pkg-summary:
+  gh workflow view review.yml --repo ryan4yin/nixpkgs-review-gha

LICENSE

@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+MIT License
+
+Copyright (c) 2023 Ryan Yin
+
+Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
+in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
+to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+
+The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
+copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+
+THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
+SOFTWARE.

Makefile

@@ -1,37 +0,0 @@
-deploy: 
-	sudo nixos-rebuild switch --flake .
-
-debug:
-	sudo nixos-rebuild switch --flake . --show-trace --verbose
-
-update:
-	nix flake update
-
-history:
-	nix profile history --profile /nix/var/nix/profiles/system
-
-gc:
-	# remove all generations older than 7 days
-	sudo nix profile wipe-history --profile /nix/var/nix/profiles/system  --older-than 7d
-
-	# garbage collect all unused nix store entries older than 14 days
-	sudo nix store gc --debug
-
-darwin-set-proxy:
-	sudo python3 scripts/darwin_set_proxy.py
-
-darwin: darwin-set-proxy
-	nix build .#darwinConfigurations.harmonica.system \
-	  --extra-experimental-features 'nix-command flakes'
-	./result/sw/bin/darwin-rebuild switch --flake .
-
-darwin-debug: darwin-set-proxy
-	nix build .#darwinConfigurations.harmonica.system \
-	  --show-trace --verbose \
-	  --extra-experimental-features 'nix-command flakes'
-	./result/sw/bin/darwin-rebuild switch --flake . --show-trace --verbose
-
-
-.PHONY: clean  
-clean:  
-	rm -rf result

README.md

@@ -1,90 +1,208 @@
-# Nix Configuration
+<h2 align="center">:snowflake: Ryan4Yin's Nix Config :snowflake:</h2>
 
-This repository is home to the nix code that builds my systems.
+<p align="center">
+  <img src="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/catppuccin/catppuccin/main/assets/palette/macchiato.png" width="400" />
+</p>
 
-## Screenshots
+<p align="center">
+	<a href="https://github.com/ryan4yin/nix-config/stargazers">
+		<img alt="Stargazers" src="https://img.shields.io/github/stars/ryan4yin/nix-config?style=for-the-badge&logo=starship&color=C9CBFF&logoColor=D9E0EE&labelColor=302D41"></a>
+    <a href="https://nixos.org/">
+        <img src="https://img.shields.io/badge/NixOS-25.05-informational.svg?style=for-the-badge&logo=nixos&color=F2CDCD&logoColor=D9E0EE&labelColor=302D41"></a>
+    <a href="https://github.com/ryan4yin/nixos-and-flakes-book">
+        <img src="https://img.shields.io/static/v1?label=Nix Flakes&message=learning&style=for-the-badge&logo=nixos&color=DDB6F2&logoColor=D9E0EE&labelColor=302D41"></a>
+  </a>
+</p>
 
-![](./_img/screenshot_2023-05-07-21-21.webp)
+> My configuration is becoming more and more complex, and **it will be difficult for beginners to
+> read**. If you are new to NixOS and want to know how I use NixOS, I would recommend you to take a
+> look at the [ryan4yin/nix-config/releases](https://github.com/ryan4yin/nix-config/releases) first,
+> **check out to some simpler older versions, such as
+> [i3-kickstarter](https://github.com/ryan4yin/nix-config/tree/i3-kickstarter), which will be much
+> easier to understand**.
 
-## TODO
+This repository is home to the nix code that builds my systems:
 
-- enable disk encryption to enhance data security
+1. NixOS Desktops: NixOS with home-manager, hyprland, agenix, etc.
-- make fcitx5-rime work in vscode/chrome/telegram on wayland
+2. macOS Desktops: nix-darwin with home-manager, share the same home-manager configuration with
-- auto unlock with `ssh-agent` after login
+   NixOS Desktops.
-  - [People using ssh-agent, how do you unlock it on login? - reddit](https://www.reddit.com/r/NixOS/comments/lsbo9a/people_using_sshagent_how_do_you_unlock_it_on/)
+3. NixOS Servers: virtual machines running on Proxmox/KubeVirt, with various services, such as
-- update scripts for i3wm, especially rofi & screenshot
+   kubernetes, homepage, prometheus, grafana, etc.
-- fix `xdg-open`: after set `firefox.desktop` as defaultApplication, NixOS returned error `no apps installed that can open "https://baidu.com"`
-- `Xcursor.size` do not take effect in i3
 
-## Why Nix?
+See [./hosts](./hosts) for details of each host.
 
-Nix allows for easy to manage, collaborative, reproducible deployments. This means that once something is setup and configured once, it works forever. If someone else shares their configuration, anyone can make use of it.
+See [./Virtual-Machine.md](./Virtual-Machine.md) for details of how to create & manage KubeVirt's
+Virtual Machine from this flake.
 
-**Want to know Nix in details? Looking for a beginner-friendly tutorial? Check out [NixOS & Nix Flakes - A Guide for Beginners](https://thiscute.world/en/posts/nixos-and-flake-basics/)!**
+## Why NixOS & Flakes?
+
+Nix allows for easy-to-manage, collaborative, reproducible deployments. This means that once
+something is setup and configured once, it works (almost) forever. If someone else shares their
+configuration, anyone else can just use it (if you really understand what you're copying/referring
+now).
+
+As for Flakes, refer to
+[Introduction to Flakes - NixOS & Nix Flakes Book](https://nixos-and-flakes.thiscute.world/nixos-with-flakes/introduction-to-flakes)
+
+**Want to know NixOS & Flakes in detail? Looking for a beginner-friendly tutorial or best practices?
+You don't have to go through the pain I've experienced again! Check out my
+[NixOS & Nix Flakes Book - 🛠️ ❤️ An unofficial & opinionated :book: for beginners](https://github.com/ryan4yin/nixos-and-flakes-book)!**
+
+> If you're using macOS, check out
+> [ryan4yin/nix-darwin-kickstarter](https://github.com/ryan4yin/nix-darwin-kickstarter) for a quick
+> start.
+
+## Components
+
+|                             | NixOS(Wayland)                                                                                                      |
+| --------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
+| **Window Manager**          | [Hyprland][Hyprland] / [Niri][Niri]                                                                                 |
+| **Terminal Emulator**       | [Zellij][Zellij] + [Kitty][Kitty]                                                                                   |
+| **Bar**                     | [Waybar][Waybar]                                                                                                    |
+| **Application Launcher**    | [anyrun][anyrun]                                                                                                    |
+| **Notification Daemon**     | [Mako][Mako]                                                                                                        |
+| **Display Manager**         | [GDM][GDM]                                                                                                          |
+| **Color Scheme**            | [Catppuccin][Catppuccin]                                                                                            |
+| **network management tool** | [NetworkManager][NetworkManager]                                                                                    |
+| **Input method framework**  | [Fcitx5][Fcitx5]                                                                                                    |
+| **System resource monitor** | [Btop][Btop]                                                                                                        |
+| **File Manager**            | [Yazi][Yazi] + [thunar][thunar]                                                                                     |
+| **Shell**                   | [Nushell][Nushell] + [Starship][Starship]                                                                           |
+| **Media Player**            | [mpv][mpv]                                                                                                          |
+| **Text Editor**             | [Neovim][Neovim]                                                                                                    |
+| **Fonts**                   | [Nerd fonts][Nerd fonts]                                                                                            |
+| **Image Viewer**            | [imv][imv]                                                                                                          |
+| **Screenshot Software**     | [hyprshot][hyprshot]                                                                                                |
+| **Screen Recording**        | [OBS][OBS]                                                                                                          |
+| **Filesystem & Encryption** | tmpfs on `/`, [Btrfs][Btrfs] subvolumes on a [LUKS][LUKS] encrypted partition for persistent, unlock via passphrase |
+| **Secure Boot**             | [lanzaboote][lanzaboote]                                                                                            |
+
+Wallpapers: https://github.com/ryan4yin/wallpapers
+
+## Hyprland + AstroNvim
+
+![](./_img/hyprland_2023-07-29_1.webp)
+
+![](./_img/hyprland_2023-07-29_2.webp)
+
+## Neovim
+
+See [./home/base/tui/editors/neovim/](./home/base/tui/editors/neovim/) for details.
+
+## Secrets Management
+
+See [./secrets](./secrets) for details.
 
 ## How to Deploy this Flake?
 
-> Note: you should NOT deploy this flake directly on your machine, it contains my hardware information and personal information which is not suitable for you. You may use this repo as a reference to build your own configuration.
+<!-- prettier-ignore -->
+> :red_circle: **IMPORTANT**: **You should NOT deploy this flake directly on your machine :exclamation:
+> It will not succeed.** This flake contains my hardware configuration(such as
+> [hardware-configuration.nix](hosts/idols-ai/hardware-configuration.nix),
+> [Nvidia Support](https://github.com/ryan4yin/nix-config/blob/v0.1.1/hosts/idols-ai/default.nix#L77-L91),
+> etc.) which is not suitable for your hardware, and requires my private secrets repository
+> [ryan4yin/nix-secrets](https://github.com/ryan4yin/nix-config/tree/main/secrets) to deploy. You
+> may use this repo as a reference to build your own configuration.
 
-After installed NixOS with `nix-command` & `flake` enabled, flow the steps below to deploy this flake.
+For NixOS:
 
-For NixOS, use the following commands:
+> To deploy this flake from NixOS's official ISO image (purest installation method), please refer to
+> [./nixos-installer/](./nixos-installer/)
+
+> Need to restart the machine when switching between `wayland` and `xorg`.
 
 ```bash
-# deploy my test configuration
+# deploy one of the configuration based on the hostname
-sudo nixos-rebuild switch --flake .#nixos-test
+sudo nixos-rebuild switch --flake .#ai-hyprland
 
+# deploy via `just`(a command runner with similar syntax to make) & Justfile
+# Deploy the hyprland nixosConfiguration by hostname match
+just hypr
 
-# deploy my PC's configuration
+# or we can deploy with details
-sudo nixos-rebuild switch --flake .#msi-rtx4090
+just hypr debug
-
-# or just deploy with hostname
-sudo nixos-rebuild switch
-
-# we can also deploy using make, which is defined in Makefile
-make deploy
 ```
 
-For MacOS, use the following commands:
+For macOS:
 
 ```bash
-# deploy the darwin configuration(harmonicia)
+# If you are deploying for the first time,
-make darwin
+# 1. install nix & homebrew manually.
+# 2. prepare the deployment environment with essential packages available
+nix-shell -p just nushell
+# 3. comment home-manager's code in lib/macosSystem.nix to speed up the first deployment.
+# 4. comment out the proxy settings in scripts/darwin_set_proxy.py if the proxy is not ready yet.
+
+# Deploy the darwinConfiguration by hostname match
+just local
 
 # deploy with details
-make darwin-debug
+just local debug
 ```
 
-## Install Apps from Flatpak
+> [What y'all will need when Nix drives you to drink.](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Eni9PPPPBpg)
+> (copy from hlissner's dotfiles, it really matches my feelings when I first started using NixOS...)
 
-We can install apps from flathub, which has a lot of apps that are not supported well in nixpkgs.
+## References
 
-```bash
+Other dotfiles that inspired me:
-# Add the Flathub repository
-flatpak remote-add --if-not-exists flathub https://flathub.org/repo/flathub.flatpakrepo
 
-# install apps from flathub
+- Nix Flakes
-flatpak install netease-cloud-music-gtk
+  - [NixOS-CN/NixOS-CN-telegram](https://github.com/NixOS-CN/NixOS-CN-telegram)
+  - [notusknot/dotfiles-nix](https://github.com/notusknot/dotfiles-nix)
+  - [xddxdd/nixos-config](https://github.com/xddxdd/nixos-config)
+  - [bobbbay/dotfiles](https://github.com/bobbbay/dotfiles)
+  - [gytis-ivaskevicius/nixfiles](https://github.com/gytis-ivaskevicius/nixfiles)
+  - [davidtwco/veritas](https://github.com/davidtwco/veritas)
+  - [gvolpe/nix-config](https://github.com/gvolpe/nix-config)
+  - [Ruixi-rebirth/flakes](https://github.com/Ruixi-rebirth/flakes)
+  - [fufexan/dotfiles](https://github.com/fufexan/dotfiles): gtk theme, xdg, git, media, anyrun,
+    etc.
+  - [nix-community/srvos](https://github.com/nix-community/srvos): a collection of opinionated and
+    sharable NixOS configurations for servers
+- Modularized NixOS Configuration
+  - [hlissner/dotfiles](https://github.com/hlissner/dotfiles)
+  - [viperML/dotfiles](https://github.com/viperML/dotfiles)
+- Hyprland(wayland)
+  - [notwidow/hyprland](https://github.com/notwidow/hyprland): This is where I start my hyprland
+    journey.
+  - [HeinzDev/Hyprland-dotfiles](https://github.com/HeinzDev/Hyprland-dotfiles): Refer to the waybar
+    configuration here.
+  - [Zeioth/zeioth-hyprland-config](https://github.com/Zeioth/zeioth-hyprland-config)
+  - [linuxmobile/kaku](https://github.com/linuxmobile/kaku)
+- Neovim/AstroNvim
+  - [maxbrunet/dotfiles](https://github.com/maxbrunet/dotfiles): astronvim with nix flakes.
+- Misc
+  - [1amSimp1e/dots](https://github.com/1amSimp1e/dots)
 
-# install 3d printer slicer - cura
+[Hyprland]: https://github.com/hyprwm/Hyprland
-flatpak install flathub com.ultimaker.cura
+[Niri]: https://github.com/YaLTeR/niri
-
+[Kitty]: https://github.com/kovidgoyal/kitty
-# or you can search apps from flathub
+[Nushell]: https://github.com/nushell/nushell
-flatpak search <keyword>
+[Starship]: https://github.com/starship/starship
-# search on website is also supported: https://flathub.org/
+[Waybar]: https://github.com/Alexays/Waybar
-```
+[polybar]: https://github.com/polybar/polybar
-
+[rofi]: https://github.com/davatorium/rofi
-## Other Interesting Dotfiles
+[anyrun]: https://github.com/Kirottu/anyrun
-
+[Dunst]: https://github.com/dunst-project/dunst
-Other configurations that inspired me:
+[Fcitx5]: https://github.com/fcitx/fcitx5
-
+[Btop]: https://github.com/aristocratos/btop
-- [notwidow/hyprland](https://github.com/notwidow/hyprland): hyprland configuration
+[mpv]: https://github.com/mpv-player/mpv
-- [denisse-dev/dotfiles](https://github.com/denisse-dev/dotfiles)
+[Zellij]: https://github.com/zellij-org/zellij
-- [notusknot/dotfiles-nix](https://github.com/notusknot/dotfiles-nix)
+[Neovim]: https://github.com/neovim/neovim
-- [xddxdd/nixos-config](https://github.com/xddxdd/nixos-config)
+[AstroNvim]: https://github.com/AstroNvim/AstroNvim
-- [bobbbay/dotfiles](https://github.com/bobbbay/dotfiles)
+[Hyprshot]: https://github.com/Gustash/Hyprshot
-- [gytis-ivaskevicius/nixfiles](https://github.com/gytis-ivaskevicius/nixfiles)
+[imv]: https://sr.ht/~exec64/imv/
-- [fufexan/dotfiles](https://github.com/fufexan/dotfiles)
+[OBS]: https://obsproject.com
-- [davidtwco/veritas](https://github.com/davidtwco/veritas)
+[Mako]: https://github.com/emersion/mako
-- [NixOS-CN/NixOS-CN-telegram](https://github.com/NixOS-CN/NixOS-CN-telegram)
+[Nerd fonts]: https://github.com/ryanoasis/nerd-fonts
-- [Tips&Tricks for NixOS Desktop](https://discourse.nixos.org/t/tips-tricks-for-nixos-desktop/28488/2)
+[catppuccin]: https://github.com/catppuccin/catppuccin
+[NetworkManager]: https://wiki.gnome.org/Projects/NetworkManager
+[wl-clipboard]: https://github.com/bugaevc/wl-clipboard
+[GDM]: https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/GDM
+[thunar]: https://gitlab.xfce.org/xfce/thunar
+[Yazi]: https://github.com/sxyazi/yazi
+[Catppuccin]: https://github.com/catppuccin/catppuccin
+[Btrfs]: https://btrfs.readthedocs.io
+[LUKS]: https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/Dm-crypt/Encrypting_an_entire_system
+[lanzaboote]: https://github.com/nix-community/lanzaboote

Virtual-Machine.md

@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+## How to create & managage KubeVirt's Virtual Machine from this flake?
+
+Use `aquamarine` as an example, first build and upload the virtual machine's qcow2 image to the file
+server:
+
+```shell
+just upload-vm aquamarine
+```
+
+Then create the virtual machine by creating a yaml file at
+[ryan4yin/k8s-gitops](https://github.com/ryan4yin/k8s-gitops/tree/main/vms), set the
+`spec.dataVolumeTemplates[0].source.http.url` to the uploaded file's URL, and fluxcd will
+automatically apply the changes, then a virtual machine named `aquamarine` will be created in the
+KubeVirt cluster.
+
+Once the virtual machine `aquamarine` is created, we can deploy updates to it with the following
+commands:
+
+```shell
+just col aquamarine
+just col kubevirt-shoryu
+just col k3s-test-1-master-1
+```
+
+If you're not familiar with remote deployment, please read this tutorial first:
+[Remote Deployment - NixOS & Flakes Book](https://nixos-and-flakes.thiscute.world/best-practices/remote-deployment)

certs/.gitignore

@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+*.key
+*.csr

certs/README.md

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+# My Private PKI / CA
+
+This is my private Private Key Infrastructure (PKI) / Certificate Authority (CA) for my personal
+use. It is used to issue certificates for my own servers and services.
+
+All the private keys are ignored by git, and will be stored in my private secrets repo
+[../secrets](../secrets/)

certs/ecc-ca.crt

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
+MIIBajCB8QIJAIwL98is2nQPMAoGCCqGSM49BAMEMB8xHTAbBgNVBAMMFFJ5YW40
+WWluJ3MgUm9vdCBDQSAxMB4XDTI0MDQwMzA4NDgzM1oXDTM0MDQwMTA4NDgzM1ow
+HzEdMBsGA1UEAwwUUnlhbjRZaW4ncyBSb290IENBIDEwdjAQBgcqhkjOPQIBBgUr
+gQQAIgNiAAQ6ixMbsGZ/u/ZnwzOZ49naVL7rQxm9C74SboGytKcYBH03JjC7tgZ3
+DylirxSLcTYHHtCz9ajdamP6+sgiGVpUODtfGSO+WmS+gAbLjCS37T41bkUhkx88
+JU4NsGhjPXcwCgYIKoZIzj0EAwQDaAAwZQIwDrGLSdO+p/1uywkzqzdM/OnZs8bp
+n60uBhUI7EZzDmrouOFeGx+dXYI5yy5AD/qDAjEA7fTQx+jccyOj4dimq1iU9+71
+e/gWYg0rexfy/+9dQY6kvwMzv8Lnm6URaRMbE1Q/
+-----END CERTIFICATE-----

certs/ecc-ca.srl

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+C050420A8E5A3C1E

certs/ecc-csr.conf

@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+[ req ]
+prompt = no
+req_extensions = v3_ext
+distinguished_name = req_distinguished_name
+
+[ req_distinguished_name ]
+countryName            = US
+stateOrProvinceName    = NYK
+localityName           = NYK
+organizationName       = Ryan4Yin
+organizationalUnitName = Ryan4Yin
+commonName             = writefor.fun # deprecated, use subjectAltName(SAN) instead
+emailAddress           = rayn4yin@linux.com
+
+[ alt_names ]
+DNS.1 = writefor.fun
+DNS.2 = *.writefor.fun
+
+[ v3_ext ]
+subjectAltName=@alt_names
+basicConstraints       = CA:false
+extendedKeyUsage       = serverAuth

certs/ecc-server.crt

@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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+-----END CERTIFICATE-----

certs/gen-certs.sh

@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+# 1. Generate the private key for Root CA
+openssl ecparam -genkey -name secp384r1 -out ecc-ca.key
+# 2. Generate the certificate for Root CA with the validity period of 10 years
+# using the private key and some basic information
+# NOTE: we specify sha512 as the signature algorithm, which is the key point
+openssl req -x509 -new -SHA512 -key ecc-ca.key -subj "/CN=Ryan4Yin's Root CA 1" -days 3650 -out ecc-ca.crt
+
+# 3. Generate the private key for web server
+openssl ecparam -genkey -name secp384r1 -out ecc-server.key
+# 4. Generate the certificate signing request (CSR) for the server certificate
+# using the private key and the configuration file ecc-csr.conf
+openssl req -new -SHA512 -key ecc-server.key -out ecc-server.csr -config ecc-csr.conf
+# 5. Sign the server certificate with the Root CA's certificate and private key
+# NOTE: we specify sha512 as the signature algorithm, which is the key point
+openssl x509 -req -SHA512 -in ecc-server.csr -CA ecc-ca.crt -CAkey ecc-ca.key \
+  -CAcreateserial -out ecc-server.crt -days 3650 \
+  -extensions v3_ext -extfile ecc-csr.conf
+
+# 6. Display the information of the certificates
+openssl x509 -noout -text -in ecc-ca.crt
+openssl x509 -noout -text -in ecc-server.crt
+

flake.nix

@@ -1,212 +1,183 @@
 {
-  description = "NixOS configuration of Ryan Yin";
+  description = "Ryan Yin's nix configuration for both NixOS & macOS";
+
+  ##################################################################################################################
+  #
+  # Want to know Nix in details? Looking for a beginner-friendly tutorial?
+  # Check out https://github.com/ryan4yin/nixos-and-flakes-book !
+  #
+  ##################################################################################################################
+
+  outputs = inputs: import ./outputs inputs;
 
   # the nixConfig here only affects the flake itself, not the system configuration!
+  # for more information, see:
+  #     https://nixos-and-flakes.thiscute.world/nix-store/add-binary-cache-servers
   nixConfig = {
-    experimental-features = [ "nix-command" "flakes" ];
+    # substituers will be appended to the default substituters when fetching packages
-
-    substituters = [
-      # replace official cache with a mirror located in China
-      "https://mirrors.bfsu.edu.cn/nix-channels/store"
-      "https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/nix-channels/store"
-      "https://cache.nixos.org"
-    ];
-
-    # nix community's cache server
     extra-substituters = [
-      "https://nix-community.cachix.org"
+      "https://anyrun.cachix.org"
-      "https://nixpkgs-wayland.cachix.org"
+      # "https://nix-gaming.cachix.org"
-      "https://xddxdd.cachix.org"
+      # "https://nixpkgs-wayland.cachix.org"
     ];
     extra-trusted-public-keys = [
-      "cache.nixos.org-1:6NCHdD59X431o0gWypbMrAURkbJ16ZPMQFGspcDShjY="
+      "anyrun.cachix.org-1:pqBobmOjI7nKlsUMV25u9QHa9btJK65/C8vnO3p346s="
-      "nix-community.cachix.org-1:mB9FSh9qf2dCimDSUo8Zy7bkq5CX+/rkCWyvRCYg3Fs="
+      # "nix-gaming.cachix.org-1:nbjlureqMbRAxR1gJ/f3hxemL9svXaZF/Ees8vCUUs4="
-      "nixpkgs-wayland.cachix.org-1:3lwxaILxMRkVhehr5StQprHdEo4IrE8sRho9R9HOLYA="
+      # "nixpkgs-wayland.cachix.org-1:3lwxaILxMRkVhehr5StQprHdEo4IrE8sRho9R9HOLYA="
-      "xddxdd.cachix.org-1:ay1HJyNDYmlSwj5NXQG065C8LfoqqKaTNCyzeixGjf8=" 
     ];
   };
 
-
   # This is the standard format for flake.nix. `inputs` are the dependencies of the flake,
-  # and `outputs` function will return all the build results of the flake. 
   # Each item in `inputs` will be passed as a parameter to the `outputs` function after being pulled and built.
   inputs = {
     # There are many ways to reference flake inputs. The most widely used is github:owner/name/reference,
     # which represents the GitHub repository URL + branch/commit-id/tag.
 
-    # Official NixOS package source, using nixos-unstable branch here
+    # Official NixOS package source, using nixos's unstable branch by default
     nixpkgs.url = "github:nixos/nixpkgs/nixos-unstable";
-    nixpkgs-stable.url = "github:nixos/nixpkgs/nixos-23.05";
+    # nixpkgs-unstable.url = "github:nixos/nixpkgs/nixos-unstable-small";
-    
+    nixpkgs-unstable.url = "github:nixos/nixpkgs/nixos-unstable";
+    nixpkgs-stable.url = "github:nixos/nixpkgs/nixos-25.05";
+
+    nixpkgs-ollama.url = "github:nixos/nixpkgs/nixos-unstable";
+
     # for macos
-    nixpkgs-darwin.url = "github:nixos/nixpkgs/nixpkgs-23.05-darwin";
+    # nixpkgs-darwin.url = "github:nixos/nixpkgs/nixpkgs-25.05-darwin";
-    darwin = {
+    nixpkgs-darwin.url = "github:nixos/nixpkgs/nixpkgs-unstable";
+    nix-darwin = {
       url = "github:lnl7/nix-darwin";
       inputs.nixpkgs.follows = "nixpkgs-darwin";
     };
 
-    # nix users repository
-    # used to install some packages not in nixpkgs
-    # e.g. wechat-uos/qqmusic/dingtalk
-    nur.url = "github:nix-community/NUR";
-
     # home-manager, used for managing user configuration
     home-manager = {
-      url = "github:nix-community/home-manager/release-23.05";
+      url = "github:nix-community/home-manager/master";
+      # url = "github:nix-community/home-manager/release-25.05";
+
       # The `follows` keyword in inputs is used for inheritance.
       # Here, `inputs.nixpkgs` of home-manager is kept consistent with the `inputs.nixpkgs` of the current flake,
       # to avoid problems caused by different versions of nixpkgs dependencies.
       inputs.nixpkgs.follows = "nixpkgs";
     };
 
-    # modern window compositor
+    # https://github.com/catppuccin/nix
-    hyprland.url = "github:hyprwm/Hyprland/v0.25.0";
+    catppuccin = {
+      url = "github:catppuccin/nix";
+      inputs.nixpkgs.follows = "nixpkgs";
+    };
+
+    lanzaboote = {
+      url = "github:nix-community/lanzaboote/v0.4.2";
+      inputs.nixpkgs.follows = "nixpkgs";
+    };
+
+    preservation = {
+      url = "github:nix-community/preservation";
+    };
+
     # community wayland nixpkgs
-    nixpkgs-wayland.url = "github:nix-community/nixpkgs-wayland";
+    # nixpkgs-wayland.url = "github:nix-community/nixpkgs-wayland";
+    # anyrun - a wayland launcher
+    anyrun = {
+      url = "github:Kirottu/anyrun";
+      inputs.nixpkgs.follows = "nixpkgs";
+    };
 
     # generate iso/qcow2/docker/... image from nixos configuration
     nixos-generators = {
       url = "github:nix-community/nixos-generators";
       inputs.nixpkgs.follows = "nixpkgs";
     };
-
+    # secrets management
-    # use devenv to manage my development environment
+    agenix = {
-    devenv.url = "github:cachix/devenv/v0.6.2";
+      # lock with git commit at May 18, 2025
-    
+      url = "github:ryantm/agenix/4835b1dc898959d8547a871ef484930675cb47f1";
-    # secrets management, lock with git commit at 2023/5/15
+      # replaced with a type-safe reimplementation to get a better error message and less bugs.
-    agenix.url = "github:ryantm/agenix/db5637d10f797bb251b94ef9040b237f4702cde3";
+      # url = "github:ryan4yin/ragenix";
-
+      inputs.nixpkgs.follows = "nixpkgs";
-    # nix language server, used by vscode & neovim
-    nil.url = "github:oxalica/nil/2023-05-09";
-  };
-
-  # `outputs` are all the build result of the flake. 
-  # A flake can have many use cases and different types of outputs.
-  # parameters in `outputs` are defined in `inputs` and can be referenced by their names. 
-  # However, `self` is an exception, This special parameter points to the `outputs` itself (self-reference)
-  # The `@` syntax here is used to alias the attribute set of the inputs's parameter, making it convenient to use inside the function.
-  outputs = inputs@{
-      self,
-      nixpkgs,
-      darwin,
-      home-manager,
-      ...
-  }: {
-    nixosConfigurations = {
-      # By default, NixOS will try to refer the nixosConfiguration with its hostname.
-      # so the system named `msi-rtx4090` will use this configuration.
-      # However, the configuration name can also be specified using `sudo nixos-rebuild switch --flake /path/to/flakes/directory#<name>`.
-      # The `nixpkgs.lib.nixosSystem` function is used to build this configuration, the following attribute set is its parameter.
-      # Run `sudo nixos-rebuild switch --flake .#msi-rtx4090` in the flake's directory to deploy this configuration on any NixOS system
-      msi-rtx4090 = nixpkgs.lib.nixosSystem rec {
-        system = "x86_64-linux";
-
-        # The Nix module system can modularize configurations, improving the maintainability of configurations.
-        #
-        # Each parameter in the `modules` is a Nix Module, and there is a partial introduction to it in the nixpkgs manual:
-        #    <https://nixos.org/manual/nixpkgs/unstable/#module-system-introduction>
-        # It is said to be partial because the documentation is not complete, only some simple introductions
-        #    (such is the current state of Nix documentation...)
-        # A Nix Module can be an attribute set, or a function that returns an attribute set.
-        # If a Module is a function, according to the Nix Wiki description, this function can have up to four parameters:
-        # 
-        #   config: The configuration of the entire system
-        #   options: All option declarations refined with all definition and declaration references.
-        #   pkgs: The attribute set extracted from the Nix package collection and enhanced with the nixpkgs.config option.
-        #   modulesPath: The location of the module directory of Nix.
-        #
-        # Only these four parameters can be passed by default.
-        # If you need to pass other parameters, you must use `specialArgs` by uncomment the following line
-        specialArgs = {
-          pkgs-stable = import inputs.nixpkgs-stable {
-            system = system;  # refer the `system` parameter form outer scope recursively
-            # To use chrome, we need to allow the installation of non-free software
-            config.allowUnfree = true;
-          };
-        } // inputs;
-        modules = [
-          ./hosts/msi-rtx4090
-
-          # make home-manager as a module of nixos
-          # so that home-manager configuration will be deployed automatically when executing `nixos-rebuild switch`
-          home-manager.nixosModules.home-manager
-          {
-            home-manager.useGlobalPkgs = true;
-            home-manager.useUserPackages = true;
-
-            # pass all inputs into home manager's all sub modules
-            home-manager.extraSpecialArgs = specialArgs;
-            home-manager.users.ryan = import ./home/linux/x11.nix;
-          }
-        ];
-      };
-
-      nixos-test = nixpkgs.lib.nixosSystem rec {
-        system = "x86_64-linux";
-        specialArgs = {
-          pkgs-stable = import inputs.nixpkgs-stable {
-            system = system;
-            config.allowUnfree = true;
-          };
-        } // inputs;
-        modules = [
-          ./hosts/nixos-test
-
-          home-manager.nixosModules.home-manager
-          {
-            home-manager.useGlobalPkgs = true;
-            home-manager.useUserPackages = true;
-
-            home-manager.extraSpecialArgs = specialArgs;
-            home-manager.users.ryan = import ./home/linux/wayland.nix;
-          }
-        ];
-      };
     };
 
-    # configurations for MacOS
+    nix-gaming = {
-    darwinConfigurations."harmonica" = darwin.lib.darwinSystem {
+      url = "github:fufexan/nix-gaming";
-      system = "x86_64-darwin";
+      inputs.nixpkgs.follows = "nixpkgs";
-
-      specialArgs = inputs; 
-      modules = [
-        ./hosts/harmonica
-
-        home-manager.darwinModules.home-manager
-        {
-          home-manager.useGlobalPkgs = true;
-          home-manager.useUserPackages = true;
-          
-          home-manager.extraSpecialArgs = inputs;
-          home-manager.users.admin = import ./home/darwin;
-        }
-      ];
     };
 
-    # generate qcow2 & iso image from nixos configuration
+    disko = {
-    #   https://github.com/nix-community/nixos-generators
+      url = "github:nix-community/disko/v1.11.0";
-    # packages.x86_64-linux = {
+      inputs.nixpkgs.follows = "nixpkgs";
-    #   qcow2 = nixos-generators.nixosGenerate {
+    };
-    #     system = "x86_64-linux";
-    #     modules = [
-    #       # you can include your own nixos configuration here, i.e.
-    #       # ./configuration.nix
-    #     ];
-    #     format = "qcow";
-        
-    #     # you can also define your own custom formats
-    #     # customFormats = { "myFormat" = <myFormatModule>; ... };
-    #     # format = "myFormat";
-    #   };
 
-    #   iso = nixos-generators.nixosGenerate {
+    # add git hooks to format nix code before commit
-    #     system = "x86_64-linux";
+    pre-commit-hooks = {
-    #     modules = [
+      url = "github:cachix/git-hooks.nix";
-    #       # you can include your own nixos configuration here, i.e.
+      inputs.nixpkgs.follows = "nixpkgs";
-    #       # ./configuration.nix
+    };
-    #     ];
+
-    #     format = "iso";
+    nuenv = {
-    #   };
+      url = "github:DeterminateSystems/nuenv";
-    # };
+      inputs.nixpkgs.follows = "nixpkgs";
+    };
+
+    haumea = {
+      url = "github:nix-community/haumea/v0.2.2";
+      inputs.nixpkgs.follows = "nixpkgs";
+    };
+
+    nixpak = {
+      url = "github:nixpak/nixpak";
+      inputs.nixpkgs.follows = "nixpkgs";
+    };
+
+    ghostty = {
+      url = "github:ghostty-org/ghostty";
+    };
+
+    blender-bin = {
+      url = "github:edolstra/nix-warez?dir=blender";
+      inputs.nixpkgs.follows = "nixpkgs";
+    };
+
+    nixos-apple-silicon = {
+      # 2025-07-04
+      url = "github:nix-community/nixos-apple-silicon/release-2025-08-10";
+      inputs.nixpkgs.follows = "nixpkgs";
+    };
+
+    niri.url = "github:sodiboo/niri-flake";
+
+    ########################  Some non-flake repositories  #########################################
+
+    polybar-themes = {
+      url = "github:adi1090x/polybar-themes";
+      flake = false;
+    };
+
+    ########################  My own repositories  #########################################
+
+    # my private secrets, it's a private repository, you need to replace it with your own.
+    # use ssh protocol to authenticate via ssh-agent/ssh-key, and shallow clone to save time
+    mysecrets = {
+      url = "git+ssh://git@github.com/ryan4yin/nix-secrets.git?shallow=1";
+      flake = false;
+    };
+
+    my-asahi-firmware = {
+      url = "git+ssh://git@github.com/ryan4yin/asahi-firmware.git?shallow=1";
+      flake = false;
+    };
+
+    # my wallpapers
+    wallpapers = {
+      url = "github:ryan4yin/wallpapers";
+      flake = false;
+    };
+
+    nur-ryan4yin = {
+      url = "github:ryan4yin/nur-packages";
+      inputs.nixpkgs.follows = "nixpkgs";
+    };
+
+    # for waydroid
+    # nur-ataraxiasjel.url = "github:AtaraxiaSjel/nur";
   };
 }

fonts/archcraft-icon-font.nix

@@ -1,35 +0,0 @@
-{ lib, stdenvNoCC, fetchgit }:
-
-stdenvNoCC.mkDerivation rec {
-  pname = "archcraft-font";
-  version = "2023-05-07";
-
-  src = fetchgit {
-    url = "https://github.com/archcraft-os/archcraft-packages.git";
-    rev = "88030ee6d2df80db958541b53bd3673e081720cf";  # git commit id
-    sparseCheckout = [ "archcraft-fonts/files/icon-fonts/archcraft.ttf" ];  # only fetch the feather.ttf file
-
-    # the sha256 is used to verify the integrity of the downloaded source, and alse cache the build result.
-    # so if you copy other package src's sha256, you will get a cached build result of that package, and all configs in this file will be ignored.
-    # specify sha256 to empty and build it, then an error will indicate the correct sha256
-    sha256 = "sha256-DrGN8lN4Yr1RTyCUZhJjzKgCuC0vTnSWjOKovNg3T/U="; 
-  };
-
-  installPhase = ''
-    runHook preInstall
-
-    install -Dm644 archcraft-fonts/files/icon-fonts/archcraft.ttf -t $out/share/fonts/truetype/
-
-    runHook postInstall
-  '';
-
-  meta = with lib; {
-    homepage = "https://github.com/archcraft-os/archcraft-packages";
-    description = "Archcraft icon font";
-    version = version;
-    longDescription = ''Archcraft icon font'';
-    license = licenses.mit;
-    maintainers = [ maintainers.ryan4yin ];
-    platforms = platforms.all;
-  };
-}

fonts/icomoon-feather-icon-font.nix

@@ -1,39 +0,0 @@
-{ lib, stdenvNoCC, fetchgit }:
-
-stdenvNoCC.mkDerivation rec {
-  pname = "icomoon-feather-font";
-  version = "2023-05-06";
-
-  # 参考 https://aur.archlinux.org/cgit/aur.git/tree/PKGBUILD?h=ttf-icomoon-feather
-  src = fetchgit {
-    url = "https://github.com/adi1090x/polybar-themes.git";
-    rev = "47b66337a92a1afd2240ed7094ffcb039cc686cf";  # git commit id
-    sparseCheckout = [ "fonts/feather.ttf" ];  # only fetch the feather.ttf file
-
-    # the sha256 is used to verify the integrity of the downloaded source, and alse cache the build result.
-    # so if you copy other package src's sha256, you will get a cached build result of that package, and all configs in this file will be ignored.
-    # specify sha256 to empty and build it, then an error will indicate the correct sha256
-    sha256 = "sha256-R+UpUFkXDrxKcX7ljLara+1B1rOMdKGZiLQq1/ojgP4="; 
-  };
-  
-  installPhase = ''
-    runHook preInstall
-
-    install -Dm644 fonts/feather.ttf -t $out/share/fonts/truetype/
-
-    runHook postInstall
-  '';
-
-  meta = with lib; {
-    homepage = "https://github.com/feathericons/feather";
-    description = "Icomoon feather font";
-    version = version;
-    longDescription = ''
-      Feather is a collection of simply beautiful open source icons. 
-      Each icon is designed on a 24x24 grid with an emphasis on simplicity, consistency, and flexibility.
-    '';
-    license = licenses.mit;
-    maintainers = [ maintainers.ryan4yin ];
-    platforms = platforms.all;
-  };
-}

hardening/README.md

@@ -0,0 +1,83 @@
+# Linux Hardening
+
+> Work in progress.
+
+## Goal
+
+- **System Level**: Protect critical files from being accessed by untrusted applications.
+  1. Such as browser cookies, SSH keys, etc.
+- **Per-App Level**: Prevent untrusted applications(such as closed-source apps) from:
+  1. Accessing files they shouldn't.
+     - Such as a malicious application accessing your browser's cookies, SSH Keys, etc.
+  1. Accessing the network when they don't need to.
+  1. Accessing hardware devices they don't need.
+
+## Current Status
+
+1. **System Level**:
+   - [ ] AppArmor
+   - [ ] Kernel & System Hardening
+1. **Per-App Level**:
+   - Nixpak (Bubblewrap, running at user-level)
+   - Firejail (a SUID program, meaning it's running as root)
+
+## Kernel Hardening
+
+- NixOS Kernel Config:
+  https://github.com/NixOS/nixpkgs/blob/nixos-unstable/pkgs/os-specific/linux/kernel/hardened/config.nix
+
+## System Hardening
+
+- NixOS Profile:
+  https://github.com/NixOS/nixpkgs/blob/nixos-unstable/nixos/modules/profiles/hardened.nix
+- Apparmor: [roddhjav/apparmor.d](https://github.com/roddhjav/apparmor.d)
+  - https://gitlab.com/apparmor/apparmor/-/wikis/Documentation
+  - AppArmor.d is a set of over 1500 AppArmor profiles whose aim is to confine most Linux based
+    applications and processes.
+  - But all the profiles of AppArmor assume a FHS filesystem, which caused all apparmor policies
+    takes no effect on NixOS.
+  - Apparmor on NixOS Roadmap:
+    - https://discourse.nixos.org/t/apparmor-on-nixos-roadmap/57217
+    - https://github.com/LordGrimmauld/aa-alias-manager
+- SELinux: too complex, not recommended for personal use.
+
+## Application Sandboxing
+
+- [Bubblewrap](https://github.com/containers/bubblewrap):
+  [nixpak](https://github.com/nixpak/nixpak), more secure than firejail, but no batteries included.
+  - NixOS's FHSEnv is implemented using bubblewrap by default.
+- [Firejail](https://github.com/netblue30/firejail/tree/master/etc): A SUID security sandbox with
+  hundreds of security profiles for many common applications in the default installation.
+  - https://wiki.nixos.org/wiki/Firejail
+  - Firejail needs SUID to work, which is considered a security risk -
+    [Does firejail improve the security of my system?](https://github.com/netblue30/firejail/discussions/4601)
+- [Systemd/Hardening](https://wiki.nixos.org/wiki/Systemd/Hardening): Systemd also provides some
+  sandboxing features.
+
+## NOTE
+
+**Running untrusted code is never safe, kernel hardening & sandboxing cannot change this**.
+
+If you want to run untrusted code, please use a VM & an isolated network environment, which will
+provide a much higher level of security.
+
+## References
+
+- [Harden your NixOS workstation - dataswamp](https://dataswamp.org/~solene/2022-01-13-nixos-hardened.html)
+- [Linux Insecurities - Madaidans](https://madaidans-insecurities.github.io/linux.html)
+- [Sandboxing all programs by default - NixOS Discourse](https://discourse.nixos.org/t/sandboxing-all-programs-by-default/7792)
+- [Paranoid NixOS Setup - xeiaso](https://xeiaso.net/blog/paranoid-nixos-2021-07-18/)
+- [nix-mineral](https://github.com/cynicsketch/nix-mineral): NixOS module for convenient system
+  hardening.
+- nixpak configs:
+  - https://github.com/pokon548/OysterOS/tree/b97604d89953373d6316286b96f6a964af2c398d/desktop/application
+  - https://github.com/segment-tree/my-nixos/tree/ceb6041f73bd9edcb78a8818b27a28f7c629193b/hm/me/apps/nixpak
+  - https://github.com/Keksgesicht/nixos-config/tree/91cc77d8d6b598da7c4dbed143e0009c2dea6940/packages/nixpak
+  - https://github.com/bluskript/nix-config/blob/7ecb6a7254c1ac4969072f4c4febdc19f8b83b30/pkgs/nixpak/default.nix
+- firejail configs:
+  - https://github.com/stelcodes/nixos-config/blob/f8967c82a5e5f3d128eb1aaf7498b5f918f719ec/packages/overlay.nix#L261
+- apparmor configs:
+  - https://github.com/zramctl/dotfiles/blob/4fe177f6984154960942bb47d5a375098ec6ed6a/modules/nixos/security/apparmor.nix#L4
+  - https://git.grimmauld.de/Grimmauld/grimm-nixos-laptop/src/branch/main/hardening
+- Others:
+  - Directly via `buildFHSUserEnvBubblewrap`:

hardening/apparmor/default.nix

@@ -0,0 +1,59 @@
+{
+  config,
+  pkgs,
+  ...
+}:
+{
+  services.dbus.apparmor = "enabled";
+  security.apparmor = {
+    enable = true;
+
+    # kill process that are not confined but have apparmor profiles enabled
+    killUnconfinedConfinables = true;
+    packages = with pkgs; [
+      apparmor-utils
+      apparmor-profiles
+    ];
+
+    # apparmor policies
+    policies = {
+      "default_deny" = {
+        enforce = false;
+        enable = false;
+        profile = ''
+          profile default_deny /** { }
+        '';
+      };
+
+      "sudo" = {
+        enforce = false;
+        enable = false;
+        profile = ''
+          ${pkgs.sudo}/bin/sudo {
+            file /** rwlkUx,
+          }
+        '';
+      };
+
+      "nix" = {
+        enforce = false;
+        enable = false;
+        profile = ''
+          ${config.nix.package}/bin/nix {
+            unconfined,
+          }
+        '';
+      };
+    };
+  };
+
+  environment.systemPackages = with pkgs; [
+    apparmor-bin-utils
+    apparmor-profiles
+    apparmor-parser
+    libapparmor
+    apparmor-kernel-patches
+    apparmor-pam
+    apparmor-utils
+  ];
+}

hardening/bwraps/default.nix

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+{
+  nixpkgs.overlays = [
+    (_: super: {
+      bwraps = {
+        wechat = super.callPackage ./wechat.nix { };
+      };
+    })
+  ];
+}

hardening/bwraps/wechat.nix

@@ -0,0 +1,99 @@
+# - wechat's flatpak manifest: https://github.com/flathub/com.tencent.WeChat/blob/master/com.tencent.WeChat.yaml
+# Refer:
+# - Flatpak manifest's docs:
+#   - https://docs.flatpak.org/en/latest/manifests.html
+#   - https://docs.flatpak.org/en/latest/sandbox-permissions.html
+#
+# TODO Since appimageTools.wrapAppImage do not support overriding, I have to pack this package myself.
+# https://github.com/NixOS/nixpkgs/pull/358977
+{
+  appimageTools,
+  fetchurl,
+  stdenvNoCC,
+}:
+let
+  pname = "wechat";
+  # https://github.com/NixOS/nixpkgs/blob/nixos-unstable/pkgs/by-name/we/wechat/package.nix
+  sources = {
+    aarch64-linux = {
+      version = "4.0.1.11";
+      src = fetchurl {
+        url = "https://web.archive.org/web/20250512112413if_/https://dldir1v6.qq.com/weixin/Universal/Linux/WeChatLinux_arm64.AppImage";
+        hash = "sha256-Rg+FWNgOPC02ILUskQqQmlz1qNb9AMdvLcRWv7NQhGk=";
+      };
+    };
+    x86_64-linux = {
+      version = "4.0.1.11";
+      src = fetchurl {
+        url = "https://web.archive.org/web/20250512110825if_/https://dldir1v6.qq.com/weixin/Universal/Linux/WeChatLinux_x86_64.AppImage";
+        hash = "sha256-gBWcNQ1o1AZfNsmu1Vi1Kilqv3YbR+wqOod4XYAeVKo=";
+      };
+    };
+  };
+
+  inherit (stdenvNoCC.hostPlatform) system;
+  inherit (sources.${system} or (throw "Unsupported system: ${system}")) version src;
+
+  # https://github.com/NixOS/nixpkgs/blob/master/pkgs/by-name/we/wechat/linux.nix
+  appimageContents = appimageTools.extract {
+    inherit pname version src;
+    postExtract = ''
+      patchelf --replace-needed libtiff.so.5 libtiff.so $out/opt/wechat/wechat
+    '';
+  };
+in
+appimageTools.wrapAppImage {
+  inherit pname version;
+
+  src = appimageContents;
+
+  extraInstallCommands = ''
+    mkdir -p $out/share/applications
+    cp ${appimageContents}/wechat.desktop $out/share/applications/
+    mkdir -p $out/share/pixmaps
+    cp ${appimageContents}/wechat.png $out/share/pixmaps/
+
+    substituteInPlace $out/share/applications/wechat.desktop --replace-fail AppRun wechat
+  '';
+
+  # Add these root paths to FHS sandbox to prevent WeChat from accessing them by default
+  # Adapted from https://aur.archlinux.org/cgit/aur.git/tree/wechat-universal.sh?h=wechat-universal-bwrap
+  extraPreBwrapCmds = ''
+    XDG_DOCUMENTS_DIR="''${XDG_DOCUMENTS_DIR:-$(xdg-user-dir DOCUMENTS)}"
+    if [[ -z "''${XDG_DOCUMENTS_DIR}" ]]; then
+        echo 'Error: Failed to get XDG_DOCUMENTS_DIR, refuse to continue'
+        exit 1
+    fi
+
+    WECHAT_DATA_DIR="''${XDG_DOCUMENTS_DIR}/WeChat_Data"
+
+    # Using ''${WECHAT_DATA_DIR} as Wechat Data folder
+    WECHAT_HOME_DIR="''${WECHAT_DATA_DIR}/home"
+    WECHAT_FILES_DIR="''${WECHAT_DATA_DIR}/xwechat_files"
+
+    mkdir -p "''${WECHAT_FILES_DIR}"
+    mkdir -p "''${WECHAT_HOME_DIR}"
+    ln -snf "''${WECHAT_FILES_DIR}" "''${WECHAT_HOME_DIR}/xwechat_files"
+  '';
+  extraBwrapArgs = [
+    "--tmpfs /home"
+    "--tmpfs /root"
+    # format: --bind <host-path> <sandbox-path>
+    "--bind \${WECHAT_HOME_DIR} \${HOME}"
+    "--bind \${WECHAT_FILES_DIR} \${WECHAT_FILES_DIR}"
+    "--chdir \${HOME}"
+    # wechat-universal only supports xcb
+    "--setenv QT_QPA_PLATFORM xcb"
+    "--setenv QT_AUTO_SCREEN_SCALE_FACTOR 1"
+    # use fcitx as IME
+    "--setenv QT_IM_MODULE fcitx"
+    "--setenv GTK_IM_MODULE fcitx"
+  ];
+  chdirToPwd = false;
+  unshareNet = false;
+  unshareIpc = true;
+  unsharePid = true;
+  unshareUts = true;
+  unshareCgroup = true;
+  privateTmp = true;
+}

hardening/nixpaks/default.nix

@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+{
+  pkgs,
+  nixpak,
+  ...
+}:
+let
+  callArgs = {
+    mkNixPak = nixpak.lib.nixpak {
+      inherit (pkgs) lib;
+      inherit pkgs;
+    };
+    safeBind = sloth: realdir: mapdir: [
+      (sloth.mkdir (sloth.concat' sloth.appDataDir realdir))
+      (sloth.concat' sloth.homeDir mapdir)
+    ];
+  };
+  wrapper = _pkgs: path: (_pkgs.callPackage path callArgs).config.script;
+in
+{
+  # Add nixpaked Apps into nixpkgs, and reference them in home-manager or other nixos modules
+  nixpkgs.overlays = [
+    (_: super: {
+      nixpaks = {
+        qq = wrapper super ./qq.nix;
+        qq-desktop-item = super.callPackage ./qq-desktop-item.nix { };
+
+        wechat = wrapper super ./wechat.nix;
+        wechat-desktop-item = super.callPackage ./wechat-desktop-item.nix { };
+
+        firefox = wrapper super ./firefox.nix;
+        firefox-desktop-item = super.callPackage ./firefox-desktop-item.nix { };
+      };
+    })
+  ];
+}

hardening/nixpaks/firefox-desktop-item.nix

@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+{ makeDesktopItem }:
+makeDesktopItem {
+  name = "firefox";
+  desktopName = "firefox";
+  exec = "firefox %U";
+  terminal = false;
+  icon = "firefox";
+  type = "Application";
+  categories = [ "Network" ];
+  comment = "firefox boxed";
+}

hardening/nixpaks/firefox.nix

@@ -0,0 +1,88 @@
+# Refer:
+# - Flatpak manifest's docs:
+#   - https://docs.flatpak.org/en/latest/manifests.html
+#   - https://docs.flatpak.org/en/latest/sandbox-permissions.html
+# - Firefox's flatpak manifest: https://hg.mozilla.org/mozilla-central/file/tip/taskcluster/docker/firefox-flatpak/runme.sh#l151
+{
+  lib,
+  pkgs,
+  mkNixPak,
+  ...
+}:
+mkNixPak {
+  config =
+    {
+      config,
+      sloth,
+      ...
+    }:
+    {
+      app = {
+        package = pkgs.firefox-wayland;
+        binPath = "bin/firefox";
+      };
+      flatpak.appId = "org.mozilla.firefox";
+
+      imports = [
+        ./modules/gui-base.nix
+        ./modules/network.nix
+      ];
+
+      # list all dbus services:
+      #   ls -al /run/current-system/sw/share/dbus-1/services/
+      #   ls -al /etc/profiles/per-user/ryan/share/dbus-1/services/
+      dbus.policies = {
+        "org.mozilla.firefox.*" = "own"; # firefox
+        "org.mozilla.firefox_beta.*" = "own"; # firefox beta
+        "org.mpris.MediaPlayer2.firefox.*" = "own";
+        "org.freedesktop.NetworkManager" = "talk";
+
+        "org.gnome.Shell.Screencast" = "talk";
+        # System tray icon
+        "org.freedesktop.Notifications" = "talk";
+        "org.kde.StatusNotifierWatcher" = "talk";
+        # File Manager
+        "org.freedesktop.FileManager1" = "talk";
+        # Uses legacy StatusNotifier implementation
+        "org.kde.*" = "own";
+      };
+
+      bubblewrap = {
+        # To trace all the home files QQ accesses, you can use the following nushell command:
+        #   just trace-access firefox
+        # See the Justfile in the root of this repository for more information.
+        bind.rw = [
+          # given the read write permission to the following directories.
+          # NOTE: sloth.mkdir is used to create the directory if it does not exist!
+          (sloth.mkdir (sloth.concat' sloth.homeDir "/.mozilla"))
+
+          sloth.xdgDocumentsDir
+          sloth.xdgDownloadDir
+          sloth.xdgMusicDir
+          sloth.xdgVideosDir
+        ];
+        bind.ro = [
+          "/sys/bus/pci"
+          [
+            "${config.app.package}/lib/firefox"
+            "/app/etc/firefox"
+          ]
+
+          # ================ for browserpass extension ===============================
+          "/etc/gnupg"
+          (sloth.concat' sloth.homeDir "/.gnupg") # gpg's config
+          (sloth.concat' sloth.homeDir "/.local/share/password-store") # my secrets
+          (sloth.concat' sloth.runtimeDir "/gnupg") # for access gpg-agent socket
+
+          # Unsure
+          (sloth.concat' sloth.xdgConfigHome "/dconf")
+        ];
+
+        sockets = {
+          x11 = false;
+          wayland = true;
+          pipewire = true;
+        };
+      };
+    };
+}

hardening/nixpaks/modules/gui-base.nix

@@ -0,0 +1,110 @@
+# https://github.com/nixpak/pkgs/blob/master/pkgs/modules/gui-base.nix
+{
+  config,
+  lib,
+  pkgs,
+  sloth,
+  ...
+}:
+let
+  envSuffix = envKey: suffix: sloth.concat' (sloth.env envKey) suffix;
+  # cursor & icon's theme should be the same as the host's one.
+  cursorTheme = pkgs.bibata-cursors;
+  iconTheme = pkgs.papirus-icon-theme;
+in
+{
+  config = {
+    dbus.policies = {
+      "${config.flatpak.appId}" = "own";
+      "org.freedesktop.DBus" = "talk";
+      "org.gtk.vfs.*" = "talk";
+      "org.gtk.vfs" = "talk";
+      "ca.desrt.dconf" = "talk";
+      "org.a11y.Bus" = "talk";
+
+      # for default portal & gtk/hyprland's portal
+      "org.freedesktop.portal.*" = "talk";
+      "org.freedesktop.impl.portal.desktop.*" = "talk";
+    };
+    # https://github.com/nixpak/nixpak/blob/master/modules/gpu.nix
+    # 1. bind readonly - /run/opengl-driver
+    # 2. bind device   - /dev/dri
+    gpu = {
+      enable = lib.mkDefault true;
+      provider = "nixos";
+      bundlePackage = pkgs.mesa.drivers; # for amd & intel
+    };
+    # https://github.com/nixpak/nixpak/blob/master/modules/gui/fonts.nix
+    # it works not well, bind system's /etc/fonts directly instead
+    fonts.enable = false;
+    # https://github.com/nixpak/nixpak/blob/master/modules/locale.nix
+    locale.enable = true;
+    bubblewrap = {
+      network = lib.mkDefault false;
+      bind.rw = [
+        [
+          (envSuffix "HOME" "/.var/app/${config.flatpak.appId}/cache")
+          sloth.xdgCacheHome
+        ]
+        (sloth.concat' sloth.xdgCacheHome "/fontconfig")
+        (sloth.concat' sloth.xdgCacheHome "/mesa_shader_cache")
+
+        (sloth.concat [
+          (sloth.env "XDG_RUNTIME_DIR")
+          "/"
+          (sloth.envOr "WAYLAND_DISPLAY" "no")
+        ])
+
+        (envSuffix "XDG_RUNTIME_DIR" "/at-spi/bus")
+        (envSuffix "XDG_RUNTIME_DIR" "/gvfsd")
+        (envSuffix "XDG_RUNTIME_DIR" "/pulse")
+
+        "/run/dbus"
+      ];
+      bind.ro = [
+        (envSuffix "XDG_RUNTIME_DIR" "/doc")
+        (sloth.concat' sloth.xdgConfigHome "/gtk-2.0")
+        (sloth.concat' sloth.xdgConfigHome "/gtk-3.0")
+        (sloth.concat' sloth.xdgConfigHome "/gtk-4.0")
+        (sloth.concat' sloth.xdgConfigHome "/fontconfig")
+
+        "/etc/fonts" # for fontconfig
+        "/etc/machine-id"
+        "/etc/localtime"
+
+        # Fix: libEGL warning: egl: failed to create dri2 screen
+        "/etc/egl"
+        "/etc/static/egl"
+      ];
+      bind.dev = [
+        "/dev/shm" # Shared Memory
+
+        # seems required when using nvidia as primary gpu
+        "/dev/nvidia0"
+        "/dev/nvidiactl"
+        "/dev/nvidia-modeset"
+        "/dev/nvidia-uvm"
+      ];
+
+      tmpfs = [
+        "/tmp"
+      ];
+
+      env = {
+        XDG_DATA_DIRS = lib.mkForce (
+          lib.makeSearchPath "share" [
+            iconTheme
+            cursorTheme
+            pkgs.shared-mime-info
+          ]
+        );
+        XCURSOR_PATH = lib.mkForce (
+          lib.concatStringsSep ":" [
+            "${cursorTheme}/share/icons"
+            "${cursorTheme}/share/pixmaps"
+          ]
+        );
+      };
+    };
+  };
+}

hardening/nixpaks/modules/network.nix

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+# https://github.com/nixpak/pkgs/blob/master/pkgs/modules/network.nix
+{
+  etc.sslCertificates.enable = true;
+  bubblewrap = {
+    bind.ro = [ "/etc/resolv.conf" ];
+    network = true;
+  };
+}

hardening/nixpaks/qq-desktop-item.nix

@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+{
+  makeDesktopItem,
+  qq,
+}:
+makeDesktopItem {
+  name = "qq";
+  desktopName = "QQ";
+  exec = "${qq}/bin/qq %U";
+  terminal = false;
+  # To find the icon name(nushell):
+  #   let p = NIXPKGS_ALLOW_UNFREE=1 nix eval --impure nixpkgs#qq.outPath | str trim --char '"'
+  #   tree $"($p)/share/icons"
+  icon = "${qq}/share/icons/hicolor/512x512/apps/qq.png";
+  type = "Application";
+  categories = [ "Network" ];
+  comment = "QQ boxed";
+}

hardening/nixpaks/qq.nix

@@ -0,0 +1,69 @@
+# Refer:
+# - Flatpak manifest's docs:
+#   - https://docs.flatpak.org/en/latest/manifests.html
+#   - https://docs.flatpak.org/en/latest/sandbox-permissions.html
+# - QQ's flatpak manifest: https://github.com/flathub/com.qq.QQ/blob/master/com.qq.QQ.yaml
+{
+  lib,
+  pkgs,
+  mkNixPak,
+  ...
+}:
+mkNixPak {
+  config =
+    { sloth, ... }:
+    {
+      app = {
+        package = pkgs.qq.override {
+          # fix fcitx5 input method
+          commandLineArgs = lib.concatStringsSep " " [ "--enable-wayland-ime" ];
+        };
+        binPath = "bin/qq";
+      };
+      flatpak.appId = "com.tencent.qq";
+
+      imports = [
+        ./modules/gui-base.nix
+        ./modules/network.nix
+      ];
+
+      # list all dbus services:
+      #   ls -al /run/current-system/sw/share/dbus-1/services/
+      #   ls -al /etc/profiles/per-user/ryan/share/dbus-1/services/
+      dbus.policies = {
+        "org.gnome.Shell.Screencast" = "talk";
+        # System tray icon
+        "org.freedesktop.Notifications" = "talk";
+        "org.kde.StatusNotifierWatcher" = "talk";
+        # File Manager
+        "org.freedesktop.FileManager1" = "talk";
+        # Uses legacy StatusNotifier implementation
+        "org.kde.*" = "own";
+      };
+      bubblewrap = {
+        # To trace all the home files QQ accesses, you can use the following nushell command:
+        #   just trace-access qq
+        # See the Justfile in the root of this repository for more information.
+        bind.rw = [
+          # given the read write permission to the following directories.
+          # NOTE: sloth.mkdir is used to create the directory if it does not exist!
+          (sloth.mkdir (
+            sloth.concat [
+              sloth.xdgConfigHome
+              "/QQ"
+            ]
+          ))
+
+          sloth.xdgDocumentsDir
+          sloth.xdgDownloadDir
+          sloth.xdgMusicDir
+          sloth.xdgVideosDir
+        ];
+        sockets = {
+          x11 = false;
+          wayland = true;
+          pipewire = true;
+        };
+      };
+    };
+}

hardening/profiles/default.nix

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+{ modulesPath, ... }:
+{
+  imports = [
+    (modulesPath + "/profiles/hardened.nix")
+  ];
+
+  # disable coredump that could be exploited later
+  # and also slow down the system when something crash
+  systemd.coredump.enable = false;
+}

home/README.md

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+# Home Manager's Submodules
+
+1. `base`: The base module that is suitable for both Linux and macOS.
+2. `linux`: Linux-specific configuration.
+3. `darwin`: macOS-specific configuration.

home/base/README.md

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+# Home Manager's Base Submodules
+
+1. `server`: Configuration which is suitable for both servers and desktops.
+1. `desktop`: Configuration for desktop environments, such as Hyprland, I3, etc.
+1. `core.nix`: Minimal home-manager's config

home/base/core/btop.nix

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+{
+  # replacement of htop/nmon
+  programs.btop = {
+    enable = true;
+    settings = {
+      theme_background = false; # make btop transparent
+    };
+  };
+}

home/base/core/core.nix

@@ -0,0 +1,122 @@
+{ pkgs, ... }:
+{
+  home.packages = with pkgs; [
+    # Misc
+    cowsay
+    gnupg
+    gnumake
+
+    # Modern cli tools, replacement of grep/sed/...
+
+    # Interactively filter its input using fuzzy searching, not limit to filenames.
+    fzf
+    # search for files by name, faster than find
+    fd
+    # search for files by its content, replacement of grep
+    (ripgrep.override { withPCRE2 = true; })
+
+    # A fast and polyglot tool for code searching, linting, rewriting at large scale
+    # supported languages: only some mainstream languages currently(do not support nix/nginx/yaml/toml/...)
+    ast-grep
+
+    sad # CLI search and replace, just like sed, but with diff preview.
+    yq-go # yaml processor https://github.com/mikefarah/yq
+    just # a command runner like make, but simpler
+    hyperfine # command-line benchmarking tool
+    gping # ping, but with a graph(TUI)
+    doggo # DNS client for humans
+    duf # Disk Usage/Free Utility - a better 'df' alternative
+    du-dust # A more intuitive version of `du` in rust
+    gdu # disk usage analyzer(replacement of `du`)
+
+    # nix related
+    #
+    # it provides the command `nom` works just like `nix
+    # with more details log output
+    nix-output-monitor
+    hydra-check # check hydra(nix's build farm) for the build status of a package
+    nix-index # A small utility to index nix store paths
+    nix-init # generate nix derivation from url
+    # https://github.com/nix-community/nix-melt
+    nix-melt # A TUI flake.lock viewer
+    # https://github.com/utdemir/nix-tree
+    nix-tree # A TUI to visualize the dependency graph of a nix derivation
+
+    # productivity
+    caddy # A webserver with automatic HTTPS via Let's Encrypt(replacement of nginx)
+    croc # File transfer between computers securely and easily
+    ncdu # analyzer your disk usage Interactively, via TUI(replacement of `du`)
+  ];
+
+  # A modern replacement for ‘ls’
+  # useful in bash/zsh prompt, not in nushell.
+  programs.eza = {
+    enable = true;
+    # do not enable aliases in nushell!
+    enableNushellIntegration = false;
+    git = true;
+    icons = "auto";
+  };
+
+  # a cat(1) clone with syntax highlighting and Git integration.
+  programs.bat = {
+    enable = true;
+    config = {
+      pager = "less -FR";
+    };
+  };
+
+  # A command-line fuzzy finder
+  programs.fzf.enable = true;
+
+  # very fast version of tldr in Rust
+  programs.tealdeer = {
+    enable = true;
+    enableAutoUpdates = true;
+    settings = {
+      display = {
+        compact = false;
+        use_pager = true;
+      };
+      updates = {
+        auto_update = false;
+        auto_update_interval_hours = 720;
+      };
+    };
+  };
+
+  # zoxide is a smarter cd command, inspired by z and autojump.
+  # It remembers which directories you use most frequently,
+  # so you can "jump" to them in just a few keystrokes.
+  # zoxide works on all major shells.
+  #
+  #   z foo              # cd into highest ranked directory matching foo
+  #   z foo bar          # cd into highest ranked directory matching foo and bar
+  #   z foo /            # cd into a subdirectory starting with foo
+  #
+  #   z ~/foo            # z also works like a regular cd command
+  #   z foo/             # cd into relative path
+  #   z ..               # cd one level up
+  #   z -                # cd into previous directory
+  #
+  #   zi foo             # cd with interactive selection (using fzf)
+  #
+  #   z foo<SPACE><TAB>  # show interactive completions (zoxide v0.8.0+, bash 4.4+/fish/zsh only)
+  programs.zoxide = {
+    enable = true;
+    enableBashIntegration = true;
+    enableZshIntegration = true;
+    enableNushellIntegration = true;
+  };
+
+  # Atuin replaces your existing shell history with a SQLite database,
+  # and records additional context for your commands.
+  # Additionally, it provides optional and fully encrypted
+  # synchronisation of your history between machines, via an Atuin server.
+  programs.atuin = {
+    enable = true;
+    enableBashIntegration = true;
+    enableZshIntegration = true;
+    enableNushellIntegration = true;
+  };
+}

home/base/core/default.nix

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+{ mylib, ... }:
+{
+  imports = mylib.scanPaths ./.;
+}

home/base/core/editors/README.md

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+# Editors
+
+See [desktop/editors/](../../desktop/editors/) for more details.

home/base/core/editors/default.nix

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+{ mylib, ... }:
+{
+  imports = mylib.scanPaths ./.;
+}

home/base/core/editors/helix/default.nix

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+{ pkgs, ... }:
+{
+  programs.helix = {
+    enable = true;
+  };
+}

home/base/core/editors/neovim/default.nix

@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+{ pkgs, ... }:
+{
+  programs = {
+    neovim = {
+      enable = true;
+
+      viAlias = true;
+      vimAlias = true;
+    };
+  };
+}

home/base/core/git.nix

@@ -0,0 +1,126 @@
+{
+  config,
+  lib,
+  pkgs,
+  myvars,
+  ...
+}:
+{
+  # `programs.git` will generate the config file: ~/.config/git/config
+  # to make git use this config file, `~/.gitconfig` should not exist!
+  #
+  #    https://git-scm.com/docs/git-config#Documentation/git-config.txt---global
+  home.activation.removeExistingGitconfig = lib.hm.dag.entryBefore [ "checkLinkTargets" ] ''
+    rm -f ${config.home.homeDirectory}/.gitconfig
+  '';
+
+  # GitHub CLI tool
+  # https://cli.github.com/manual/
+  programs.gh = {
+    enable = true;
+    settings = {
+      git_protocol = "ssh";
+      prompt = "enabled";
+      aliases = {
+        co = "pr checkout";
+        pv = "pr view";
+      };
+    };
+    hosts = {
+      "github.com" = {
+        "users" = {
+          "ryan4yin" = null;
+        };
+        "user" = "ryan4yin";
+      };
+    };
+  };
+
+  programs.git = {
+    enable = true;
+    lfs.enable = true;
+
+    userName = myvars.userfullname;
+    userEmail = myvars.useremail;
+
+    includes = [
+      {
+        # use different email & name for work
+        path = "~/work/.gitconfig";
+        condition = "gitdir:~/work/";
+      }
+    ];
+
+    extraConfig = {
+      init.defaultBranch = "main";
+      trim.bases = "develop,master,main"; # for git-trim
+      push.autoSetupRemote = true;
+      pull.rebase = true;
+      log.date = "iso"; # use iso format for date
+
+      # replace https with ssh
+      url = {
+        "ssh://git@github.com/ryan4yin" = {
+          insteadOf = "https://github.com/ryan4yin";
+        };
+        # "ssh://git@gitlab.com/" = {
+        #   insteadOf = "https://gitlab.com/";
+        # };
+        # "ssh://git@bitbucket.com/" = {
+        #   insteadOf = "https://bitbucket.com/";
+        # };
+      };
+    };
+
+    # signing = {
+    #   key = "xxx";
+    #   signByDefault = true;
+    # };
+
+    # A syntax-highlighting pager for git, diff, grep, and blame output
+    delta = {
+      enable = true;
+      options = {
+        diff-so-fancy = true;
+        line-numbers = true;
+        true-color = "always";
+        # features => named groups of settings, used to keep related settings organized
+        # features = "";
+      };
+    };
+
+    aliases = {
+      # common aliases
+      br = "branch";
+      co = "checkout";
+      st = "status";
+      ls = "log --pretty=format:\"%C(yellow)%h%Cred%d\\\\ %Creset%s%Cblue\\\\ [%cn]\" --decorate";
+      ll = "log --pretty=format:\"%C(yellow)%h%Cred%d\\\\ %Creset%s%Cblue\\\\ [%cn]\" --decorate --numstat";
+      cm = "commit -m"; # commit via `git cm <message>`
+      ca = "commit -am"; # commit all changes via `git ca <message>`
+      dc = "diff --cached";
+
+      amend = "commit --amend -m"; # amend commit message via `git amend <message>`
+      unstage = "reset HEAD --"; # unstage file via `git unstage <file>`
+      merged = "branch --merged"; # list merged(into HEAD) branches via `git merged`
+      unmerged = "branch --no-merged"; # list unmerged(into HEAD) branches via `git unmerged`
+      nonexist = "remote prune origin --dry-run"; # list non-exist(remote) branches via `git nonexist`
+
+      # delete merged branches except master & dev & staging
+      #  `!` indicates it's a shell script, not a git subcommand
+      delmerged = ''! git branch --merged | egrep -v "(^\*|main|master|dev|staging)" | xargs git branch -d'';
+      # delete non-exist(remote) branches
+      delnonexist = "remote prune origin";
+
+      # aliases for submodule
+      update = "submodule update --init --recursive";
+      foreach = "submodule foreach";
+    };
+  };
+
+  # Git terminal UI (written in go).
+  programs.lazygit.enable = true;
+
+  # Yet another Git TUI (written in rust).
+  programs.gitui.enable = true;
+}

home/base/core/npm.nix

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+{ config, ... }:
+{
+  # make `npm install -g <pkg>` happey
+  #
+  # mainly used to install npm packages that updates frequently
+  # such as gemini-cli, claude-code, etc.
+  home.file.".npmrc".text = ''
+    prefix=${config.home.homeDirectory}/.npm
+  '';
+}

home/base/core/pip.nix

@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+_: {
+  # use mirror for pip install
+  xdg.configFile."pip/pip.conf".text = ''
+    [global]
+    index-url = https://mirror.nju.edu.cn/pypi/web/simple
+    format = columns
+  '';
+
+  # xdg.configFile."pip/pip.conf".text = ''
+  #   [global]
+  #   index-url = https://mirror.nju.edu.cn/pypi/web/simple
+  #   format = columns
+  # '';
+
+  # xdg.configFile."pip/pip.conf".text = ''
+  #   [global]
+  #   index-url = https://mirrors.bfsu.edu.cn/pypi/web/simple
+  # '';
+}

home/base/core/shells/config.nu

@@ -0,0 +1,175 @@
+# Based on the default config generated by:
+#    ```
+#    config nu --default
+#    ```
+#
+# Nushell Config File Documentation
+#
+# Warning: This file is intended for documentation purposes only and
+# is not intended to be used as an actual configuration file as-is.
+#
+# version = "0.103.0"
+#
+# A `config.nu` file is used to override default Nushell settings,
+# define (or import) custom commands, or run any other startup tasks.
+# See https://www.nushell.sh/book/configuration.html
+#
+# Nushell sets "sensible defaults" for most configuration settings, so
+# the user's `config.nu` only needs to override these defaults if
+# desired.
+#
+# This file serves as simple "in-shell" documentation for these
+# settings, or you can view a more complete discussion online at:
+# https://nushell.sh/book/configuration
+#
+# You can pretty-print and page this file using:
+# config nu --doc | nu-highlight | less -R
+
+# $env.config
+# -----------
+# The $env.config environment variable is a record containing most Nushell
+# configuration settings. Keep in mind that, as a record, setting it to a
+# new record will remove any keys which aren't in the new record. Nushell
+# will then automatically merge in the internal defaults for missing keys.
+#
+# The same holds true for keys in the $env.config which are also records
+# or lists.
+#
+# For this reason, settings are typically changed by updating the value of
+# a particular key. Merging a new config record is also possible. See the
+# Configuration chapter of the book for more information.
+
+
+$env.config.history.file_format = "sqlite"
+$env.config.history.max_size = 5_000_000
+
+# isolation (bool):
+# `true`: New history from other currently-open Nushell sessions is not
+# seen when scrolling through the history using PrevHistory (typically
+# the Up key) or NextHistory (Down key)
+# `false`: All commands entered in other Nushell sessions will be mixed with
+# those from the current shell.
+# Note: Older history items (from before the current shell was started) are
+# always shown.
+# This setting only applies to SQLite-backed history
+$env.config.history.isolation = true
+
+# ----------------------
+# Miscellaneous Settings
+# ----------------------
+
+# show_banner (bool): Enable or disable the welcome banner at startup
+$env.config.show_banner = false
+
+# rm.always_trash (bool):
+# true: rm behaves as if the --trash/-t option is specified
+# false: rm behaves as if the --permanent/-p option is specified (default)
+$env.config.rm.always_trash = true
+
+# recursion_limit (int): how many times a command can call itself recursively
+# before an error will be generated.
+$env.config.recursion_limit = 50
+
+# ---------------------------
+# Commandline Editor Settings
+# ---------------------------
+
+# edit_mode (string) "vi" or "emacs" sets the editing behavior of Reedline
+$env.config.edit_mode = "vi"
+
+# Command that will be used to edit the current line buffer with Ctrl+O.
+# If unset, uses $env.VISUAL and then $env.EDITOR
+#
+$env.config.buffer_editor = ["nvim", "--clean"]
+
+# cursor_shape_* (string)
+# -----------------------
+# The following variables accept a string from the following selections:
+# "block", "underscore", "line", "blink_block", "blink_underscore", "blink_line", or "inherit"
+# "inherit" skips setting cursor shape and uses the current terminal setting.
+$env.config.cursor_shape.emacs = "inherit"         # Cursor shape in emacs mode
+$env.config.cursor_shape.vi_insert = "block"       # Cursor shape in vi-insert mode
+$env.config.cursor_shape.vi_normal = "underscore"  # Cursor shape in normal vi mode
+
+# --------------------
+# Terminal Integration
+# --------------------
+# Nushell can output a number of escape codes to enable advanced features in Terminal Emulators
+# that support them. Settings in this section enable or disable these features in Nushell.
+# Features aren't supported by your Terminal can be disabled. Features can also be disabled,
+#  of course, if there is a conflict between the Nushell and Terminal's implementation.
+
+# use_kitty_protocol (bool):
+# A keyboard enhancement protocol supported by the Kitty Terminal. Additional keybindings are
+# available when using this protocol in a supported terminal. For example, without this protocol,
+# Ctrl+I is interpreted as the Tab Key. With this protocol, Ctrl+I and Tab can be mapped separately.
+$env.config.use_kitty_protocol = false
+
+# osc2 (bool):
+# When true, the current directory and running command are shown in the terminal tab/window title.
+# Also abbreviates the directory name by prepending ~ to the home directory and its subdirectories.
+$env.config.shell_integration.osc2 = true
+
+# osc7 (bool):
+# Nushell will report the current directory to the terminal using OSC 7. This is useful when
+# spawning new tabs in the same directory.
+$env.config.shell_integration.osc7 = true
+
+# osc9_9 (bool):
+# Enables/Disables OSC 9;9 support, originally a ConEmu terminal feature. This is an
+# alternative to OSC 7 which also communicates the current path to the terminal.
+$env.config.shell_integration.osc9_9 = false
+
+# osc8 (bool):
+# When true, the `ls` command will generate clickable links that can be launched in another
+# application by the terminal.
+# Note: This setting replaces the now deprecated `ls.clickable_links`
+$env.config.shell_integration.osc8 = true
+
+# osc133 (bool):
+# true/false to enable/disable OSC 133 support, a set of several escape sequences which
+# report the (1) starting location of the prompt, (2) ending location of the prompt,
+# (3) starting location of the command output, and (4) the exit code of the command.
+
+# originating with Final Term. These sequences report information regarding the prompt
+# location as well as command status to the terminal. This enables advanced features in
+# some terminals, including the ability to provide separate background colors for the
+# command vs. the output, collapsible output, or keybindings to scroll between prompts.
+$env.config.shell_integration.osc133 = true
+
+# osc633 (bool):
+# true/false to enable/disable OSC 633, an extension to OSC 133 for Visual Studio Code
+$env.config.shell_integration.osc633 = true
+
+# NU_LIB_DIRS
+# -----------
+# Directories in this constant are searched by the
+# `use` and `source` commands.
+#
+# By default, the `scripts` subdirectory of the default configuration
+# directory is included:
+const NU_LIB_DIRS = [
+    ($nu.default-config-dir | path join 'scripts') # add <nushell-config-dir>/scripts
+    ($nu.data-dir | path join 'completions') # default home for nushell completions
+]
+
+# NU_PLUGIN_DIRS
+# --------------
+# Directories to search for plugin binaries when calling add.
+
+# By default, the `plugins` subdirectory of the default configuration
+# directory is included:
+const NU_PLUGIN_DIRS = [
+    ($nu.default-config-dir | path join 'plugins') # add <nushell-config-dir>/plugins
+]
+
+# As with NU_LIB_DIRS, an $env.NU_PLUGIN_DIRS is searched after the constant version
+
+# The `path add` function from the Standard Library also provides
+# a convenience method for prepending to the path:
+use std/util "path add"
+path add "~/.local/bin"
+
+# You can remove duplicate directories from the path using:
+$env.PATH = ($env.PATH | uniq)
+

home/base/core/shells/default.nix

@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+{ config, ... }:
+let
+  shellAliases = {
+    k = "kubectl";
+
+    urldecode = "python3 -c 'import sys, urllib.parse as ul; print(ul.unquote_plus(sys.stdin.read()))'";
+    urlencode = "python3 -c 'import sys, urllib.parse as ul; print(ul.quote_plus(sys.stdin.read()))'";
+  };
+
+  localBin = "${config.home.homeDirectory}/.local/bin";
+  goBin = "${config.home.homeDirectory}/go/bin";
+  rustBin = "${config.home.homeDirectory}/.cargo/bin";
+  npmBin = "${config.home.homeDirectory}/.npm/bin";
+in
+{
+  programs.bash = {
+    enable = true;
+    enableCompletion = true;
+    bashrcExtra = ''
+      export PATH="$PATH:${localBin}:${goBin}:${rustBin}:${npmBin}"
+    '';
+  };
+
+  # NOTE: only works in bash/zsh, not nushell
+  home.shellAliases = shellAliases;
+
+  # NOTE: nushell will be launched in bash, so it can inherit all the eenvironment variables.
+  programs.nushell = {
+    enable = true;
+    # package = pkgs-unstable.nushell;
+    configFile.source = ./config.nu;
+    inherit shellAliases;
+  };
+}

home/base/core/starship.nix

@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+{
+  programs.starship = {
+    enable = true;
+
+    enableBashIntegration = true;
+    enableZshIntegration = true;
+    enableNushellIntegration = true;
+
+    settings = {
+      character = {
+        success_symbol = "[›](bold green)";
+        error_symbol = "[›](bold red)";
+      };
+      aws = {
+        symbol = "🅰 ";
+      };
+      gcloud = {
+        # do not show the account/project's info
+        # to avoid the leak of sensitive information when sharing the terminal
+        format = "on [$symbol$active(\($region\))]($style) ";
+        symbol = "🅶 ️";
+      };
+    };
+  };
+}

home/base/core/theme.nix

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+{ catppuccin, ... }:
+{
+  # https://github.com/catppuccin/nix
+  imports = [
+    catppuccin.homeModules.catppuccin
+  ];
+
+  catppuccin = {
+    # The default `enable` value for all available programs.
+    enable = true;
+    # one of "latte", "frappe", "macchiato", "mocha"
+    flavor = "mocha";
+    # one of "blue", "flamingo", "green", "lavender", "maroon", "mauve", "peach", "pink", "red", "rosewater", "sapphire", "sky", "teal", "yellow"
+    accent = "pink";
+  };
+}

home/base/core/yazi.nix

@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+{ pkgs, ... }:
+{
+  # terminal file manager
+  programs.yazi = {
+    enable = true;
+    package = pkgs.yazi;
+    # Changing working directory when exiting Yazi
+    enableBashIntegration = true;
+    enableNushellIntegration = true;
+    settings = {
+      manager = {
+        show_hidden = true;
+        sort_dir_first = true;
+      };
+    };
+  };
+}

home/base/core/zellij/default.nix

@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+let
+  shellAliases = {
+    "zj" = "zellij";
+  };
+in
+{
+  programs.zellij = {
+    enable = true;
+  };
+  # only works in bash/zsh, not nushell
+  home.shellAliases = shellAliases;
+  programs.nushell.shellAliases = shellAliases;
+}

home/base/gui/default.nix

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+{ mylib, ... }:
+{
+  imports = mylib.scanPaths ./.;
+}

home/base/gui/dev-tools.nix

@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+{ pkgs, ... }:
+{
+  home.packages =
+    with pkgs;
+    [
+      mitmproxy # http/https proxy tool
+      wireshark # network analyzer
+
+      # IDEs
+      # jetbrains.idea-community
+
+      # AI cli tools
+      k8sgpt
+      kubectl-ai # an ai helper opensourced by google
+    ]
+    ++ (lib.optionals pkgs.stdenv.isx86_64 [
+      insomnia # REST client
+    ]);
+}

home/base/gui/media.nix

@@ -9,8 +9,8 @@
     ffmpeg-full
 
     # images
-    viu  # terminal image viewer
+    viu # Terminal image viewer with native support for iTerm and Kitty
     imagemagick
     graphviz
   ];
-}
+}

home/base/gui/terminal/README.md

@@ -0,0 +1,84 @@
+# Terminal Emulators
+
+I used to spend a lot of time on terminal emulators, to make them match my taste, but now I found
+that it's not worth it, **Zellij can provide a user-friendly and unified user experience for all
+terminal emulators! without any pain**!
+
+Currently, I only use the most basic features of terminal emulators, such as true color, graphics
+protocol, etc. Other features such as tabs, scrollback buffer, select/search/copy, etc, are all
+provided by zellij!
+
+My current terminal emulators are:
+
+1. kitty: My main terminal emulator.
+   1. to select/copy a large mount of text, We should do some tricks via kitty's `scrollback_pager`
+      with neovim, it's really painful: <https://github.com/kovidgoyal/kitty/issues/719>
+2. foot: A fast, lightweight and minimalistic Wayland terminal emulator.
+   1. foot only do the things a terminal emulator should do, no more, no less.
+   1. It's really suitable for tiling window manager or zellij users!
+3. alacritty: A cross-platform, GPU-accelerated terminal emulator.
+   1. alacritty is really fast, I use it as a backup terminal emulator on all my desktops.
+
+## 'xterm-kitty': unknown terminal type when `ssh` into a remote host or `sudo xxx`
+
+> https://sw.kovidgoyal.net/kitty/faq/#i-get-errors-about-the-terminal-being-unknown-or-opening-the-terminal-failing-or-functional-keys-like-arrow-keys-don-t-work
+
+> https://wezfurlong.org/wezterm/config/lua/config/term.html
+
+kitty set `TERM` to `xterm-kitty` by default, and TUI apps like `viu`, `yazi`, `curses` will try to
+search in the host's [terminfo(terminal capability data base)](https://linux.die.net/man/5/terminfo)
+for value of `TERM` to determine the capabilities of the terminal.
+
+But when you `ssh` into a remote host, the remote host is very likely to not have `xterm-kitty` in
+its terminfo, so you will get this error:
+
+```
+'xterm-kitty': unknown terminal type
+```
+
+Or when you `sudo xxx`, `sudo` won't preserve the `TERM` variable, it will be reset to root's
+default `TERM` value, which is `xterm` or `xterm-256color` in most linux distributions, so you will
+get this error:
+
+```
+'xterm-256color': unknown terminal type
+```
+
+or
+
+```
+Error opening terminal: xterm-kitty.
+```
+
+NixOS preserve the `TERMINFO` and `TERMINFO_DIRS` environment variables, for `root` and the `wheel`
+group:
+[nixpkgs/nixos/modules/config/terminfo.nix](https://github.com/NixOS/nixpkgs/blob/nixos-25.05/nixos/modules/config/terminfo.nix#L18)
+
+For nix-darwin, take a look at <https://github.com/LnL7/nix-darwin/wiki/Terminfo-issues>
+
+### Solutions
+
+Simplest solution, it will automatically copy over the terminfo files and also magically enable
+shell integration on the remote machine:
+
+```
+kitten ssh user@host
+```
+
+Or if you do not care about kitty's features(such as true color & graphics protocol), you can simply
+set `TERM` to `xterm-256color`, which is built-in in most linux distributions:
+
+```
+export TERM=xterm-256color
+```
+
+If you need kitty's features, but do not like the magic of `kitten`, you can manually install
+kitty's terminfo on the remote host:
+
+```bash
+# install on ubuntu / debian
+sudo apt-get install kitty-terminfo
+
+# or copy from local machine
+infocmp -a xterm-kitty | ssh myserver tic -x -o \~/.terminfo /dev/stdin
+```

home/base/gui/terminal/alacritty/default.nix

@@ -0,0 +1,73 @@
+{
+  pkgs,
+  pkgs-unstable,
+  ...
+}:
+###########################################################
+#
+# Alacritty Configuration
+#
+# Useful Hot Keys for macOS:
+#   1. Multi-Window: `command + N`
+#   2. Increase Font Size: `command + =` | `command + +`
+#   3. Decrease Font Size: `command + -` | `command + _`
+#   4. Search Text: `command + F`
+#   5. And Other common shortcuts such as Copy, Paste, Cursor Move, etc.
+#
+# Useful Hot Keys for Linux:
+#   1. Increase Font Size: `ctrl + shift + =` | `ctrl + shift + +`
+#   2. Decrease Font Size: `ctrl + shift + -` | `ctrl + shift + _`
+#   3. Search Text: `ctrl + shift + N`
+#   4. And Other common shortcuts such as Copy, Paste, Cursor Move, etc.
+#
+# Note: Alacritty do not have support for Tabs, and any graphic protocol.
+#
+###########################################################
+{
+  programs.alacritty = {
+    enable = true;
+    # package = pkgs-unstable.alacritty;
+    # https://alacritty.org/config-alacritty.html
+    settings = {
+      window = {
+        opacity = 0.93;
+        startup_mode = "Maximized"; # Maximized window
+        dynamic_title = true;
+        option_as_alt = "Both"; # Option key acts as Alt on macOS
+        decorations = "None"; # Show neither borders nor title bar
+      };
+      scrolling = {
+        history = 10000;
+      };
+      font = {
+        bold = {
+          family = "Maple Mono NF CN";
+        };
+        italic = {
+          family = "Maple Mono NF CN";
+        };
+        normal = {
+          family = "Maple Mono NF CN";
+        };
+        bold_italic = {
+          family = "Maple Mono NF CN";
+        };
+        size = if pkgs.stdenv.isDarwin then 14 else 13;
+      };
+      terminal = {
+        # Spawn a nushell in login mode via `bash`
+        shell = {
+          program = "${pkgs.bash}/bin/bash";
+          args = [
+            "--login"
+            "-c"
+            "nu --login --interactive"
+          ];
+        };
+        # Controls the ability to write to the system clipboard with the OSC 52 escape sequence.
+        # It's used by zellij to copy text to the system clipboard.
+        osc52 = "CopyPaste";
+      };
+    };
+  };
+}

home/base/gui/terminal/default.nix

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+{ mylib, ... }:
+{
+  imports = mylib.scanPaths ./.;
+}

home/base/gui/terminal/foot.nix

@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+{ pkgs, ... }:
+{
+  programs.foot = {
+    # foot is designed only for Linux
+    enable = pkgs.stdenv.isLinux;
+
+    # foot can also be run in a server mode. In this mode, one process hosts multiple windows.
+    # All Wayland communication, VT parsing and rendering is done in the server process.
+    # New windows are opened by running footclient, which remains running until the terminal window is closed.
+    #
+    # Advantages to run foot in server mode including reduced memory footprint and startup time.
+    # The downside is a performance penalty. If one window is very busy with, for example, producing output,
+    # then other windows will suffer. Also, should the server process crash, all windows will be gone.
+    server.enable = true;
+
+    # https://man.archlinux.org/man/foot.ini.5
+    settings = {
+      main = {
+        term = "foot"; # or "xterm-256color" for maximum compatibility
+        font = "Maple Mono NF CN:size=14";
+        dpi-aware = "no"; # scale via window manager instead
+
+        # Spawn a nushell in login mode via `bash`
+        shell = "${pkgs.bash}/bin/bash --login -c 'nu --login --interactive'";
+      };
+
+      mouse = {
+        hide-when-typing = "yes";
+      };
+    };
+  };
+}

home/base/gui/terminal/ghostty.nix

@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+{
+  pkgs,
+  ghostty,
+  ...
+}:
+###########################################################
+#
+# Ghostty Configuration
+#
+###########################################################
+{
+  programs.ghostty = {
+    enable = true;
+    package =
+      if pkgs.stdenv.isDarwin then
+        pkgs.hello # pkgs.ghostty is currently broken on darwin
+      else
+        pkgs.ghostty; # the stable version
+    # package = ghostty.packages.${pkgs.system}.default; # the latest version
+    enableBashIntegration = false;
+    installBatSyntax = false;
+    # installVimSyntax = true;
+    settings = {
+      font-family = "Maple Mono NF CN";
+      font-size = 13;
+
+      background-opacity = 0.93;
+      # only supported on macOS;
+      background-blur-radius = 10;
+      scrollback-limit = 20000;
+
+      # https://ghostty.org/docs/config/reference#command
+      #  To resolve issues:
+      #    1. https://github.com/ryan4yin/nix-config/issues/26
+      #    2. https://github.com/ryan4yin/nix-config/issues/8
+      #  Spawn a nushell in login mode via `bash`
+      command = "${pkgs.bash}/bin/bash --login -c 'nu --login --interactive'";
+    };
+  };
+}

home/base/gui/terminal/kitty.nix

@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
+{
+  lib,
+  pkgs,
+  ...
+}:
+###########################################################
+#
+# Kitty Configuration
+#
+# Useful Hot Keys for Linux(replace `ctrl + shift` with `cmd` on macOS)):
+#   1. Increase Font Size: `ctrl + shift + =` | `ctrl + shift + +`
+#   2. Decrease Font Size: `ctrl + shift + -` | `ctrl + shift + _`
+#   3. And Other common shortcuts such as Copy, Paste, Cursor Move, etc.
+#
+###########################################################
+{
+  programs.kitty = {
+    enable = true;
+    font = {
+      name = "Maple Mono NF CN";
+      # use different font size on macOS
+      size = if pkgs.stdenv.isDarwin then 14 else 13;
+    };
+
+    # consistent with other terminal emulators
+    keybindings = {
+      "ctrl+shift+m" = "toggle_maximized";
+      "ctrl+shift+f" = "show_scrollback"; # search in the current window
+    };
+
+    settings = {
+      # do not show title bar & window title
+      hide_window_decorations = "titlebar-and-corners";
+      macos_show_window_title_in = "none";
+
+      background_opacity = "0.93";
+      macos_option_as_alt = true; # Option key acts as Alt on macOS
+      enable_audio_bell = false;
+      tab_bar_edge = "top"; # tab bar on top
+      #  To resolve issues:
+      #    1. https://github.com/ryan4yin/nix-config/issues/26
+      #    2. https://github.com/ryan4yin/nix-config/issues/8
+      #  Spawn a nushell in login mode via `bash`
+      shell = "${pkgs.bash}/bin/bash --login -c 'nu --login --interactive'";
+    };
+
+    # macOS specific settings
+    darwinLaunchOptions = [ "--start-as=maximized" ];
+  };
+}

home/base/home.nix

@@ -1,27 +1,9 @@
-{ config, pkgs, ... }:
+{ myvars, ... }:
-
 {
-  imports = [
-    ../common
-
-    ./i3
-
-    ./fcitx5
-    ./desktop
-
-    ./common/alacritty
-    ./common/development.nix
-    ./common/shell.nix
-    ./common/ssh.nix
-    ./common/system-tools.nix
-    ./common/xdg.nix
-  ];
-
   # Home Manager needs a bit of information about you and the
   # paths it should manage.
   home = {
-    username = "ryan";
+    inherit (myvars) username;
-    homeDirectory = "/home/ryan";
 
     # This value determines the Home Manager release that your
     # configuration is compatible with. This helps avoid breakage
@@ -31,9 +13,6 @@
     # You can update Home Manager without changing this value. See
     # the Home Manager release notes for a list of state version
     # changes in each release.
-    stateVersion = "22.11";
+    stateVersion = "24.11";
   };
-
-  # Let Home Manager install and manage itself.
-  programs.home-manager.enable = true;
 }

home/base/tui/cloud/default.nix

@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+{
+  lib,
+  pkgs,
+  ...
+}:
+{
+  # https://developer.hashicorp.com/terraform/cli/config/config-file
+  home.file.".terraformrc".source = ./terraformrc;
+
+  home.packages = with pkgs; [
+    # infrastructure as code
+    # pulumi
+    # pulumictl
+    # tf2pulumi
+    # crd2pulumi
+    # pulumiPackages.pulumi-random
+    # pulumiPackages.pulumi-command
+    # pulumiPackages.pulumi-aws-native
+    # pulumiPackages.pulumi-language-go
+    # pulumiPackages.pulumi-language-python
+    # pulumiPackages.pulumi-language-nodejs
+
+    # aws
+    awscli2
+    ssm-session-manager-plugin # Amazon SSM Session Manager Plugin
+    aws-iam-authenticator
+    eksctl
+
+    # aliyun
+    aliyun-cli
+    # digitalocean
+    doctl
+    # google cloud
+    (google-cloud-sdk.withExtraComponents (
+      with google-cloud-sdk.components;
+      [
+        gke-gcloud-auth-plugin
+      ]
+    ))
+
+    # cloud tools that nix do not have cache for.
+    terraform
+    terraformer # generate terraform configs from existing cloud resources
+    packer # machine image builder
+  ];
+}

home/base/tui/cloud/terraformrc

@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+plugin_cache_dir   = "$HOME/.terraform.d/plugin-cache"
+disable_checkpoint = true

home/base/tui/container.nix

@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+{
+  pkgs,
+  pkgs-unstable,
+  nur-ryan4yin,
+  ...
+}:
+{
+  home.packages = with pkgs; [
+    podman-compose
+    dive # explore docker layers
+    lazydocker # Docker terminal UI.
+    skopeo # copy/sync images between registries and local storage
+    go-containerregistry # provides `crane` & `gcrane`, it's similar to skopeo
+
+    kubectl
+    kubectx # kubectx & kubens
+    kubectl-view-secret # kubectl view-secret
+    kubectl-tree # kubectl tree
+    kubectl-node-shell # exec into node
+    kubepug # kubernetes pre upgrade checker
+    kubectl-cnpg # cloudnative-pg's cli tool
+
+    kubebuilder
+    istioctl
+    clusterctl # for kubernetes cluster-api
+    kubevirt # virtctl
+    kubernetes-helm
+    fluxcd
+    argocd
+
+    ko # build go project to container image
+  ];
+
+  programs.k9s.enable = true;
+  catppuccin.k9s.transparent = true;
+
+  programs.kubecolor = {
+    enable = true;
+    enableAlias = true;
+  };
+}

home/base/tui/default.nix

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+{ mylib, ... }:
+{
+  imports = mylib.scanPaths ./.;
+}

home/base/tui/dev-tools.nix

@@ -0,0 +1,63 @@
+{
+  pkgs,
+  pkgs-unstable,
+  ...
+}:
+{
+  #############################################################
+  #
+  #  Basic settings for development environment
+  #
+  #  Please avoid to install language specific packages here(globally),
+  #  instead, install them:
+  #     1. per IDE, such as `programs.neovim.extraPackages`
+  #     2. per-project, using https://github.com/the-nix-way/dev-templates
+  #
+  #############################################################
+
+  home.packages = with pkgs; [
+    colmena # nixos's remote deployment tool
+
+    # db related
+    mycli
+    pgcli
+    mongosh
+    sqlite
+
+    # embedded development
+    minicom
+
+    # ai related
+    python313Packages.huggingface-hub # huggingface-cli
+
+    # misc
+    devbox
+    bfg-repo-cleaner # remove large files from git history
+    k6 # load testing tool
+    protobuf # protocol buffer compiler
+
+    # solve coding extercises - learn by doing
+    exercism
+
+    # Automatically trims your branches whose tracking remote refs are merged or gone
+    # It's really useful when you work on a project for a long time.
+    git-trim
+    gitleaks
+
+    # need to run `conda-install` before using it
+    # need to run `conda-shell` before using command `conda`
+    # conda is not available for MacOS
+    conda
+  ];
+
+  programs = {
+    direnv = {
+      enable = true;
+      nix-direnv.enable = true;
+
+      enableZshIntegration = true;
+      enableBashIntegration = true;
+      enableNushellIntegration = true;
+    };
+  };
+}

home/base/tui/editors/Glossary.md

@@ -0,0 +1,75 @@
+# Editors Glossary
+
+### LSP - Language Server Protocol
+
+> https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Language_Server_Protocol
+
+> https://langserver.org/
+
+The Language Server Protocol (LSP) is an open, JSON-RPC-based protocol for use between source code
+editors or integrated development environments (IDEs) and servers that provide programming
+language-specific features like:
+
+- motions such as go-to-definition, find-references, hover.
+- **code completion**
+- **marking of warnings and errors**
+- **refactoring routines**
+- syntax highlighting (use Tree-sitter instead)
+- code formatting (use a dedicated formatter instead)
+
+The goal of the protocol is to allow programming language support to be implemented and distributed
+independently of any given editor or IDE.
+
+LSP was originally developed for Microsoft Visual Studio Code and is now an open standard. In the
+early 2020s LSP quickly became a "norm" for language intelligence tools providers.
+
+### Tree-sitter
+
+> https://tree-sitter.github.io/tree-sitter/
+
+> https://www.reddit.com/r/neovim/comments/1109wgr/treesitter_vs_lsp_differences_ans_overlap/
+
+Tree-sitter is a parser generator tool and an **incremental parsing** library. It can build a
+concrete syntax tree for a source file and efficiently update the syntax tree as the source file is
+edited.
+
+It is used by many editors and IDEs to provide:
+
+- **syntax highlighting**
+- **indentation**
+- **creating foldable code regions**
+- **Incremental selection**
+- **simple refactoring in a single file**
+  - such as join/split lines, structural editing, cursor motion, etc.
+
+**Treesitter process each file independently**, and it is not aware of the semantics of your code.
+For example, it does not know does a function/variable really exist, or what is the type/return-type
+of a variable. This is where LSP comes in.
+
+The LSP server parses the code much more deeply and it **not only parses a single file but your
+whole project**. So, the LSP server will know whether a function/variable does exist with the same
+type/return-type. If it does not, it will mark it as an error.
+
+**LSP does understand the code semantically, while Treesitter only cares about correct syntax**.
+
+#### LSP vs Tree-sitter
+
+- Tree-sitter: lightweight, fast, but limited knowledge of your code. mainly used for **syntax
+  highlighting, indentation, and folding/refactoring in a single file**.
+- LSP: heavy and slow on large projects, but it has a deep understanding of your code. mainly used
+  for **code completion, refactoring in the projects, errors/warnings, and other semantic-aware
+  features**.
+
+### Formatter vs Linter
+
+Linting is distinct from Formatting because:
+
+1. **formatting** only restructures how code appears.
+   1. `prettier` is a popular formatter.
+1. **linting** analyzes how the code runs and detects errors, it may also suggest improvements such
+   as replace `var` with `let` or `const`.
+
+Formatters and Linters process each file independently, they do not need to know about other files
+in the project.
+
+- [ ]

home/base/tui/editors/README.md

@@ -0,0 +1,214 @@
+# Editors
+
+My editors:
+
+1. Neovim
+2. Helix
+
+And `Zellij` for a smooth and stable terminal experience.
+
+## Tips
+
+1. Many useful keys are already provided by vim, check vim/neovim's docs before you install a new
+   plugin / reinvent the wheel.
+1. After using Emacs/Neovim more skillfully, I strongly recommend that you read the official
+   documentation of Neovim/vim:
+   1. <https://vimhelp.org/>: The official vim documentation.
+   1. <https://neovim.io/doc/user/>: Neovim's official user documentation.
+1. Use Zellij for terminal related operations, and use Neovim/Helix for editing.
+1. As for Emacs, Use its GUI version & terminal emulator `vterm` for terminal related operations.
+1. Two powerful file search & jump tools:
+1. Tree-view plugins are beginner-friendly and intuitive, but they're not very efficient.
+1. **Search by the file path**: Useful when you're familiar with the project structure, especially
+   on a large project.
+1. **Search by the content**: Useful when you're familiar with the code.
+
+## Tutorial
+
+Type `:tutor`(`:Tutor` in Neovim) to learn the basics usage of vim/neovim.
+
+## VIM's Cheetsheet
+
+> Here only record my commonly used keys, to see **a more comprehensive cheetsheet**:
+> <https://vimhelp.org/quickref.txt.html>
+
+Both Emacs-Evil & Neovim are compatible with vim, sothe key-bindings described here are common in
+both Emacs-Evil, Neovim & vim.
+
+### Terminal Related
+
+I mainly use Zellij for terminal related operations, here is its terminal shortcuts I use frequently
+now:
+
+| Action                    | Zellij's Shortcut |
+| ------------------------- | ----------------- |
+| Floating Terminal         | `Ctrl + p + w`    |
+| Horizontal Split Terminal | `Ctrl + p + d`    |
+| Vertical Split Terminal   | `Ctrl + p + n`    |
+| Execute a command         | `!xxx`            |
+
+### File Management
+
+> <https://neovim.io/doc/user/usr_22.html>
+
+> <https://vimhelp.org/editing.txt.html>
+
+| Action                              |                                                  |
+| ----------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------ |
+| Save selected text to a file        | `:w filename` (Will show `:'<,'>w filename`)     |
+| Save and close the current buffer   | `:wq`                                            |
+| Save all buffers                    | `:wa`                                            |
+| Save and close all buffers          | `:wqa`                                           |
+| Edit a file                         | `:e filename`(or `:e <TAB>` to show a file list) |
+| Browse the file list                | `:Ex` or `:e .`                                  |
+| Discard changes and reread the file | `:e!`                                            |
+
+### Motion
+
+> https://vimhelp.org/motion.txt.html
+
+| Action                                              | Command                                            |
+| --------------------------------------------------- | -------------------------------------------------- |
+| Move to the start/end of the buffer                 | `gg`/`G`                                           |
+| Move the line number 5                              | `5gg` / `5G`                                       |
+| Move left/down/up/right                             | h/j/k/l or `5h`/`5j`/`5k`/`5l` or `Ctr-n`/`Ctrl-p` |
+| Move to the matchpairs, default to `()`, `{}`, `[]` | `%`                                                |
+| Move to the start/end of the line                   | `0` / `$`                                          |
+| Move a sentence forward/backward                    | `(` / `)`                                          |
+| Move a paragraph forward/backward                   | `{` / `}`                                          |
+| Move a section forward/backward                     | `[[` / `]]`                                        |
+| Jump to various positions                           | `'` + some other keys(neovim has prompt)           |
+
+Text Objects:
+
+- **sentence**: text ending at a '.', '!' or '?' followed by either the end of a line, or by a space
+  or tab.
+- **paragraph**: text ending at a blank line.
+- **section**: text starting with a section header and ending at the start of the next section
+  header (or at the end of the file). - The "`]]`" and "`[[`" commands stop at the '`{`' in the
+  first column. This is useful to find the start of a function in a C/Go/Java/... program.
+
+### Text Manipulation
+
+Basics:
+
+| Action                                  |                            |
+| --------------------------------------- | -------------------------- |
+| Delete the current character            | `x`                        |
+| Paste the copied text                   | `p`                        |
+| Delete the selection                    | `d`                        |
+| Undo the last word                      | `CTRL-w`(in insert mode)   |
+| Undo the last line                      | `CTRL-u`(in insert mode)   |
+| Undo the last change                    | `u`                        |
+| Redo the last change                    | `Ctrl + r`                 |
+| Inserts the text of the previous insert | `Ctrl + a`                 |
+| Repeat the last command                 | `.`                        |
+| Toggle text's case                      | `~`                        |
+| Convert to uppercase                    | `U` (visual mode)          |
+| Convert to lowercase                    | `u` (visual mode)          |
+| Align the selected content              | `:center`/`:left`/`:right` |
+
+Misc:
+
+| Action                        | Shortcut                                 |
+| ----------------------------- | ---------------------------------------- |
+| Toggle visual mode            | `v` (lower case v)                       |
+| Select the current line       | `V` (upper case v)                       |
+| Toggle visual block mode      | `<Ctrl> + v` (select a block vertically) |
+| Fold the current code block   | `zc`                                     |
+| Unfold the current code block | `zo`                                     |
+| Jump to Definition            | `gd`                                     |
+| Jump to References            | `gD`                                     |
+| (Un)Comment the current line  | `gcc`                                    |
+
+| Action                                                                    |                |
+| ------------------------------------------------------------------------- | -------------- |
+| Sort the selected lines                                                   | `:sort`        |
+| Join Selection of Lines With Space                                        | `:join` or `J` |
+| Join without spaces                                                       | `:join!`       |
+| Enter Insert mode at the start/end of the line                            | `I` / `A`      |
+| Delete from the cursor to the end of the line                             | `D`            |
+| Delete from the cursor to the end of the line, and then enter insert mode | `C`            |
+
+Advance Techs:
+
+- Add at the end of multiple lines: `:normal A<text>`
+
+  - Execublock: `:A<text>`
+  - visual block mode(ctrl + v)
+  - Append text at the end of each line in the selected block
+  - If position exceeds line end, neovim adds spaces automatically
+
+- Delete the last char of multivle lines: `:normal $x`
+
+  - Execute `$x` on each line
+  - visual mode(v)
+  - `$` moves cursor to the end of line
+  - `x` deletes the character under the cursor
+
+- Delete the last word of multiple lines: `:normal $bD`
+  - Execute `$bD` on each line
+  - visual mode(v)
+  - `$` moves cursor to the end of line
+  - `b` moves cursor to the beginning of the last word
+
+### Search
+
+| Action                                                | Command   |
+| ----------------------------------------------------- | --------- |
+| Search forward/backword for a pattern                 | `/` / `?` |
+| Repeat the last search in the same/opposite direction | `n` / `N` |
+
+### Find and Replace
+
+| Action                           | Command                             |
+| -------------------------------- | ----------------------------------- |
+| Replace in selected area         | `:s/old/new/g`                      |
+| Replace in current line          | Same as above                       |
+| Replace all the lines            | `:% s/old/new/g`                    |
+| Replace all the lines with regex | `:% s@\vhttp://(\w+)@https://\1@gc` |
+
+1. `\v` means means that in the regex pattern after it can be used without backslash
+   escaping(similar to python's raw string).
+2. `\1` means the first matched group in the pattern.
+
+### Replace in the specific lines
+
+| Action                                    | Command                                |
+| ----------------------------------------- | -------------------------------------- |
+| From the 10th line to the end of the file | `:10,$ s/old/new/g` or `:10,$ s@^@#@g` |
+| From the 10th line to the 20th line       | `:10,20 s/old/new/g`                   |
+| Remove the trailing spaces                | `:% s/\s\+$//g`                        |
+
+The postfix(flags) in the above commands:
+
+1. `g` means replace all the matched strings in the current line/file.
+2. `c` means ask for confirmation before replacing.
+3. `i` means ignore case.
+
+### Buffers, Windows and Tabs
+
+> <https://neovim.io/doc/user/usr_08.html>
+
+> <https://vimhelp.org/windows.txt.html>
+
+- A buffer is the in-memory text of a file.
+- A window is a viewport on a buffer.
+- A tab page is a collection of windows.
+
+| Action                              | Command                             |
+| ----------------------------------- | ----------------------------------- |
+| Split the window horizontally       | `:sp[lit]` or `:sp filename`        |
+| Split the window horizontally       | `:vs[plit]` or `:vs filename`       |
+| Switch to the next/previous window  | `Ctrl-w + w` or `Ctrl-w + h/j/k/l`  |
+| Show all buffers                    | `:ls`                               |
+| show next/previous buffer           | `]b`/`[b` or `:bn[ext]` / `bp[rev]` |
+| New Tab(New Workspace in DoomEmacs) | `:tabnew`                           |
+| Next/Previews Tab                   | `gt`/`gy`                           |
+
+### History
+
+| Action                   | Command |
+| ------------------------ | ------- |
+| Show the command history | `q:`    |
+| Show the search history  | `q/`    |

home/base/tui/editors/Structured-Editing.md

@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+# Structured Editing
+
+## S-expression data(Lisp)
+
+- paredit/[lispy](https://github.com/doomemacs/doomemacs/tree/master/modules/editor/lispy): too
+  complex.
+- [evil-cleverparens](https://github.com/emacs-evil/evil-cleverparens): simple and useful.
+- [parinfer(par-in-fer)](https://shaunlebron.github.io/parinfer/): modern, simple, elegant and
+  useful, but works not well with some other completion plugins...
+  - to make parinfer works, you should disable sexp & smartparens in any lisp mode.
+
+Some plugins:
+
+- Neovim
+  - [parinfer-rust](https://github.com/eraserhd/parinfer-rust)
+  - <https://github.com/Olical/conjure>
+- Helix
+  - [parinfer #4090 - Helix](https://github.com/helix-editor/helix/discussions/4090)
+
+## Other Languages
+
+1. treesitter
+1. ...

home/base/tui/editors/default.nix

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+{ mylib, ... }:
+{
+  imports = mylib.scanPaths ./.;
+}

home/base/tui/editors/helix/README.md

@@ -0,0 +1,64 @@
+# Helix Editor
+
+Neovim is really powerful, and have a very active community. I use it as my main editor, and I'm
+very happy with it. I use it for everything, from writing code to writing this document.
+
+But its configuration is a bit complex, and finding the right plugins, writing configurations, and
+keeping everything up to date is not easy.
+
+That's why I'm interested in Helix, Helix is similar to Neovim, but it's more opinionated, and it's
+batteries included. Whether I'll switch my main editor to Helix or not, it gives me a lot of ideas
+on how to improve my Neovim workflow.
+
+## Tutorial
+
+Use `:tutor` in helix to start the tutorial.
+
+## Differences between Neovim and Helixer
+
+1. Selecting first, then action.
+   1. Helix: delete 2 word: `2w` then `x`. You can always see what you're selecting before you apply
+      the action.
+   2. Neovim: delete 2 word: `d`. then `2w`. No visual feedback before you apply the action.
+1. Helix - Modern builtin features: LSP, tree-sitter, fuzzy finder, multi cursors, surround and
+   more.
+   1. They're all available in Neovim too, but you need to find and use the right plugins manually,
+      which takes time and effort.
+1. Helix is built in Rust from scratch. The result is a much smaller codebase and a modern set of
+   defaults. No VimScript. No Lua.
+   1. Neovim contains a lot of VimScript, and lua is too dynamic, it's hard to debug.
+   1. Personally I'm glad to take a look at a Rust codebase, but not a VimScript/Lua codebase.
+1. Neovim have a very activate plugin ecosystem, and it's easy to find plugins for almost
+   everything.
+   1. Helix is still new, and it even don't have a stable plugin system yet. A PR to add a plugin
+      system is still envolving: <https://github.com/helix-editor/helix/pull/8675>
+1. Neovim has integrated terminal, and it's very powerful. It's quite similar to VSCode's integrated
+   terminal. I use it a lot.
+   1. Helix doesn't have a integrated terminal yet, as it's complicated to implement. Users are
+      recommended to use tmux/Zellij or Wezterm/Kitty to implement this feature instead.
+   1. <https://github.com/helix-editor/helix/issues/1976#issuecomment-1091074719>
+   1. <https://github.com/helix-editor/helix/pull/4649>
+   1. **My Neovim often gets stuck when I switch to
+      [toggleterm.nvim](https://github.com/akinsho/toggleterm.nvim), this Helix issue made me
+      consider to switch from this Neovim plugin to Zellij**.
+1. Helix do not have a tree-view panel, it's recommended to use Yazi/ranger/Broot instead, and open
+   Helix in them.
+   1. a tree-view plugin may be added after the plugin system is stable, but no one knows when it
+      will be.
+   2. and some Helix users stated that they don't need a tree-view plugin, Helix's file picker is
+      useful and good enough.
+1. It seems Helix lacks a global substitution command, you should run it in another window(via wm or
+   Zellij).
+   1. <https://github.com/helix-editor/helix/issues/196>
+   1. Neovim's substitution command allow you to preview the changes before you apply it, and it's
+      very useful. if I switch to Helix, I'll need to find some other tools with similar
+      feature(such as https://github.com/ms-jpq/sad).
+1. Complexity and Maintenance Costs vs Batteries Included:
+   <https://github.com/helix-editor/helix/discussions/6356>
+
+I think Use Helix/Neovim within a terminal file manager(Yazi/ranger/Broot) and Zellij is a good
+idea. It's quite different from the workflow I migrated from VSCode/JetBrains before, I'm very
+interested in it.
+
+In Neovim I can make the workflow similar to VSCode/JetBrains by using some plugins, but Helix
+forces me to get out of my comfort zone, and try something new.

home/base/tui/editors/helix/default.nix

@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+{ pkgs, ... }:
+{
+  programs.helix = {
+    enable = true;
+    package = pkgs.helix;
+    settings = {
+      editor = {
+        line-number = "relative";
+        cursorline = true;
+        color-modes = true;
+        lsp.display-messages = true;
+        cursor-shape = {
+          insert = "bar";
+          normal = "block";
+          select = "underline";
+        };
+        indent-guides.render = true;
+      };
+      keys.normal = {
+        space = {
+          space = "file_picker";
+          w = ":w";
+          q = ":q";
+        };
+        esc = [
+          "collapse_selection"
+          "keep_primary_selection"
+        ];
+      };
+    };
+  };
+}

home/base/tui/editors/neovim/README.md

@@ -0,0 +1,190 @@
+# Neovim Editor
+
+My Neovim config based on [AstroNvim](https://github.com/AstroNvim/AstroNvim). For more details,
+visit the [AstroNvim website](https://astronvim.com/).
+
+This document outlines neovim's configuration structure and various shortcuts/commands for efficient
+usage.
+
+## Screenshots
+
+![](/_img/astronvim_2023-07-13_00-39.webp) ![](/_img/hyprland_2023-07-29_2.webp)
+
+## Configuration Structure
+
+| Description                                       | Standard Location                           | My Location                                                               |
+| ------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
+| Neovim's config                                   | `~/.config/nvim`                            | AstroNvim's github repository, referenced as a flake input in this flake. |
+| AstroNvim's user configuration                    | `$XDG_CONFIG_HOME/astronvim/lua/user`       | [./astronvim_user/](./astronvim_user/)                                    |
+| Plugins installation directory (lazy.nvim)        | `~/.local/share/nvim/`                      | The same as standard location, generated and managed by lazy.nvim.        |
+| LSP servers, DAP servers, linters, and formatters | `~/.local/share/nvim/mason/`(by mason.nvim) | [./default.nix](./default.nix), installed by nix.                         |
+
+## Update/Clean Plugins
+
+Note that lazy.nvim will not automatically update plugins, so you need to update them manually.
+
+```bash
+:Lazy update
+```
+
+Remove all unused plugins:
+
+```bash
+:Lazy clean
+```
+
+## Testing
+
+> via `Justfile` located at the root of this repo.
+
+```bash
+# testing
+just nvim-test
+
+# clear test data
+just nvim-clear
+```
+
+## Cheetsheet
+
+Here is the cheetsheet related to my Neovim configs. Please read vim's common cheetsheet at
+[../README.md](../README.md) before reading the following.
+
+### Incremental Selection
+
+Provided by nvim-treesitter.
+
+| Action            | Shortcut       |
+| ----------------- | -------------- |
+| init selection    | `<Ctrl-space>` |
+| node incremental  | `<Ctrl-space>` |
+| scope incremental | `<Alt-Space>`  |
+| node decremental  | `Backspace`    |
+
+### Search and Jump
+
+Provided by [flash.nvim](https://github.com/folke/flash.nvim), it's a intelligent search and jump
+plugin.
+
+1. It enhances the default search and jump behavior of neovim.(search with prefix `/`)
+
+| Action            | Shortcut                                                                                                     |
+| ----------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
+| Search            | `/`(normal search), `s`(disable all code highlight, only highlight matches)                                  |
+| Treesitter Search | `yR`,`dR`, `cR`, `vR`, `ctrl+v+R`(around your matches, all the surrounding Treesitter nodes will be labeled) |
+| Remote Flash      | `yr`, `dr`, `cr`, (around your matches, all the surrounding Treesitter nodes will be labeled)                |
+
+### Commands & Shortcuts
+
+| Action                        | Shortcut       |
+| ----------------------------- | -------------- |
+| Open file explorer            | `<Space> + e`  |
+| Focus Neotree to current file | `<Space> + o`  |
+| Toggle line wrap              | `<Space> + uw` |
+| Show line diagnostics         | `gl`           |
+| Show function/variable info   | `K`            |
+| References of a symbol        | `gr`           |
+| Next tab                      | `]b`           |
+| Previous tab                  | `[b`           |
+
+### Window Navigation
+
+- Switch between windows: `<Ctrl> + h/j/k/l`
+- Resize windows: `<Ctrl> + Up/Down/Left/Right` (`<Ctrl-w> + -/+/</>`)
+  - Note: On macOS, conflicts with system shortcuts
+  - Disable in System Preferences -> Keyboard -> Shortcuts -> Mission Control
+
+### Splitting and Buffers
+
+| Action           | Shortcut      |
+| ---------------- | ------------- |
+| Horizontal Split | `\`           |
+| Vertical Split   | `\|`          |
+| Close Buffer     | `<Space> + c` |
+
+### Editing and Formatting
+
+| Action                                                | Shortcut       |
+| ----------------------------------------------------- | -------------- |
+| Toggle buffer auto formatting                         | `<Space> + uf` |
+| Format Document                                       | `<Space> + lf` |
+| Code Actions                                          | `<Space> + la` |
+| Rename                                                | `<Space> + lr` |
+| Opening LSP symbols                                   | `<Space> + lS` |
+| Comment Line(support multiple lines)                  | `<Space> + /`  |
+| Open filepath/URL at cursor(neovim's builtin command) | `gx`           |
+| Find files by name (fzf)                              | `<Space> + ff` |
+| Find files by name (include hidden files)             | `<Space> + fF` |
+| Grep string in files (ripgrep)                        | `<Space> + fw` |
+| Grep string in files (include hidden files)           | `<Space> + fW` |
+
+### Git
+
+| Action                     | Shortcut        |
+| -------------------------- | --------------- |
+| Git Commits (repository)   | `:<Space> + gc` |
+| Git Commits (current file) | `:<Space> + gC` |
+| Git Branches               | `:<Space> + gb` |
+| Git Status                 | `:<Space> + gt` |
+
+### Sessions
+
+| Action                         | Shortcut       |
+| ------------------------------ | -------------- |
+| Save Session                   | `<Space> + Ss` |
+| Last Session                   | `<Space> + Sl` |
+| Delete Session                 | `<Space> + Sd` |
+| Search Session                 | `<Space> + Sf` |
+| Load Current Directory Session | `<Space> + S.` |
+
+### Debugging
+
+Press `<Space> + D` to view available bindings and options.
+
+### Search and Replace Globally
+
+| Description                                | Shortcut       |
+| ------------------------------------------ | -------------- |
+| Open spectre.nvim search and replace panel | `<Space> + ss` |
+
+Search and replace via cli(fd + sad + delta):
+
+```bash
+fd "\\.nix$" . | sad '<pattern>' '<replacement>' | delta
+```
+
+### Surrounding Characters
+
+Provided by mini.surround plugin.
+
+- Prefix `gz`
+
+| Action                         | Shortcut | Description                                     |
+| ------------------------------ | -------- | ----------------------------------------------- |
+| Add surrounding characters     | `gzaiw'` | Add `'` around the word under cursor            |
+| Delete surrounding characters  | `gzd'`   | Delete `'` around the word under cursor         |
+| Replace surrounding characters | `gzr'"`  | Replace `'` by `"` around the word under cursor |
+| Highlight surrounding          | `gzh'`   | Highlight `'` around the word under cursor      |
+
+### Text Manipulation
+
+| Action                                 |               |
+| -------------------------------------- | ------------- |
+| Join with LSP intelligence(treesj)     | `<Space> + j` |
+| Split Line into Multiple Lines(treesj) | `<Space> + s` |
+
+### Miscellaneous
+
+| Action                            |                 |
+| --------------------------------- | --------------- |
+| Show all Yank History             | `:<Space> + yh` |
+| Show undo history                 | `:<Space> + uh` |
+| Show the path of the current file | `:!echo $%`     |
+
+## Additional Resources
+
+For more detailed information and advanced usage, refer to:
+
+1. [AstroNvim walkthrough](https://astronvim.com/Basic%20Usage/walkthrough)
+2. [./astronvim_user/mapping.lua](./astronvim_user/mappings.lua)
+3. All the plugins' documentations

home/base/tui/editors/neovim/default.nix

@@ -0,0 +1,81 @@
+{
+  config,
+  lib,
+  pkgs,
+  pkgs-unstable,
+  ...
+}:
+###############################################################################
+#
+#  AstroNvim's configuration and all its dependencies(lsp, formatter, etc.)
+#
+#e#############################################################################
+let
+  shellAliases = {
+    v = "nvim";
+    vdiff = "nvim -d";
+  };
+  # the path to nvim directory
+  # to make this symlink work, we need to git clone this repo to your home directory.
+  configPath = "${config.home.homeDirectory}/nix-config/home/base/tui/editors/neovim/nvim";
+in
+{
+  xdg.configFile."nvim".source = config.lib.file.mkOutOfStoreSymlink configPath;
+  # Disable catppuccin to avoid conflict with my non-nix config.
+  catppuccin.nvim.enable = false;
+
+  home.shellAliases = shellAliases;
+  programs.nushell.shellAliases = shellAliases;
+
+  programs.neovim = {
+    enable = true;
+    package = pkgs-unstable.neovim-unwrapped;
+
+    # defaultEditor = true; # set EDITOR at system-wide level
+    viAlias = true;
+    vimAlias = true;
+
+    # These environment variables are needed to build and run binaries
+    # with external package managers like mason.nvim.
+    #
+    # LD_LIBRARY_PATH is also needed to run the non-FHS binaries downloaded by mason.nvim.
+    # it will be set by nix-ld, so we do not need to set it here again.
+    extraWrapperArgs = with pkgs; [
+      # LIBRARY_PATH is used by gcc before compilation to search directories
+      # containing static and shared libraries that need to be linked to your program.
+      "--suffix"
+      "LIBRARY_PATH"
+      ":"
+      "${lib.makeLibraryPath [
+        stdenv.cc.cc
+        zlib
+      ]}"
+
+      # PKG_CONFIG_PATH is used by pkg-config before compilation to search directories
+      # containing .pc files that describe the libraries that need to be linked to your program.
+      "--suffix"
+      "PKG_CONFIG_PATH"
+      ":"
+      "${lib.makeSearchPathOutput "dev" "lib/pkgconfig" [
+        stdenv.cc.cc
+        zlib
+      ]}"
+    ];
+
+    # Currently we use lazy.nvim as neovim's package manager, so comment this one.
+    #
+    # NOTE: These plugins will not be used by astronvim by default!
+    # We should install packages that will compile locally or download FHS binaries via Nix!
+    # and use lazy.nvim's `dir` option to specify the package directory in nix store.
+    # so that these plugins can work on NixOS.
+    #
+    # related project:
+    #  https://github.com/b-src/lazy-nix-helper.nvim
+    plugins = with pkgs.vimPlugins; [
+      # search all the plugins using https://search.nixos.org/packages
+      telescope-fzf-native-nvim
+
+      nvim-treesitter.withAllGrammars
+    ];
+  };
+}

home/base/tui/editors/neovim/nvim/.neoconf.json

@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+{
+  "neodev": {
+    "library": {
+      "enabled": true,
+      "plugins": true
+    }
+  },
+  "neoconf": {
+    "plugins": {
+      "lua_ls": {
+        "enabled": true
+      }
+    }
+  },
+  "lspconfig": {
+    "lua_ls": {
+      "Lua.format.enable": false
+    }
+  }
+}

home/base/tui/editors/neovim/nvim/.stylua.toml

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+column_width = 120
+line_endings = "Unix"
+indent_type = "Spaces"
+indent_width = 2
+quote_style = "AutoPreferDouble"
+call_parentheses = "None"
+collapse_simple_statement = "Always"