docs: lsp & tree-sitter

home/base/desktop/editors/README.md

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+# Editors
+
+## Glossary
+
+### LSP - Language Server Protocol
+
+> https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Language_Server_Protocol
+
+> https://langserver.org/
+
+The Language Server Protocol (LSP) is an open, JSON-RPC-based protocol for use between source code editors or integrated development environments (IDEs) and servers that provide programming language-specific features like:
+
+- **code completion**
+- **syntax highlighting**
+- **marking of warnings and errors**
+- **refactoring routines**
+
+The goal of the protocol is to allow programming language support to be implemented and distributed independently of any given editor or IDE.
+
+LSP was originally developed for Microsoft Visual Studio Code and is now an open standard.
+In the early 2020s LSP quickly became a "norm" for language intelligence tools providers.
+
+### Tree-sitter
+
+> https://tree-sitter.github.io/tree-sitter/
+
+> https://www.reddit.com/r/neovim/comments/1109wgr/treesitter_vs_lsp_differences_ans_overlap/
+ 
+Tree-sitter is a parser generator tool and an **incremental parsing** library. It can build a concrete syntax tree for a source file and efficiently update the syntax tree as the source file is edited.
+
+It is used by many editors and IDEs to provide:
+
+- **syntax highlighting**
+- **indentation**
+- **creating foldable code regions**
+- **Incremental selection**
+- **refactoring**
+    - such as join/split lines.
+
+**Treesitter does, however, have limited knowledge of your code**, and it is not aware of the semantics of your code. For example, it does not know does a function/variable really exist, or what is the type/return-type of a variable. This is where LSP comes in.
+
+**The LSP server parses the code much more deeply and it not only parses a single file but your whole project**. So, the LSP server will know whether a function/variable does exist with the same type/return-type. If it does not, it will mark it as an error. 
+
+**LSP does understand the code semantically, while Treesitter only cares about correct syntax**.
+
+### LSP vs Tree-sitter
+
+- Tree-sitter: lightweight, fast, but limited knowledge of your code. mainly used for **syntax highlighting, indentation, and folding/refactoring in a single file**.
+- LSP: heavy and slow on large projects, but it has a deep understanding of your code. mainly used for **code completion, refactoring in the projects, errors/warnings, and other semantic-aware features**.
+