feat(rules): glob and regex support, env var substitution

- optimized `remote` rule for ip matching
- updated descriptions

internal/route/rules/do.go

@@ -52,11 +52,21 @@ var commands = map[string]struct {
 			if len(args) != 2 {
 				return nil, ErrExpectTwoArgs
 			}
-			return validateURLPaths(args)
+			path1, err1 := validateURLPath(args[:1])
+			path2, err2 := validateURLPath(args[1:])
+			if err1 != nil {
+				err1 = gperr.Errorf("from: %w", err1)
+			}
+			if err2 != nil {
+				err2 = gperr.Errorf("to: %w", err2)
+			}
+			if err1 != nil || err2 != nil {
+				return nil, gperr.Join(err1, err2)
+			}
+			return &StrTuple{path1.(string), path2.(string)}, nil
 		},
 		build: func(args any) CommandHandler {
-			a := args.([]string)
-			orig, repl := a[0], a[1]
+			orig, repl := args.(*StrTuple).Unpack()
 			return StaticCommand(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
 				path := r.URL.Path
 				if len(path) > 0 && path[0] != '/' {

internal/route/rules/errors.go

@@ -6,8 +6,9 @@ import (
 
 var (
 	ErrUnterminatedQuotes     = gperr.New("unterminated quotes")
-	ErrUnsupportedEscapeChar  = gperr.New("unsupported escape char")
+	ErrUnterminatedBrackets   = gperr.New("unterminated brackets")
 	ErrUnknownDirective       = gperr.New("unknown directive")
+	ErrEnvVarNotFound         = gperr.New("env variable not found")
 	ErrInvalidArguments       = gperr.New("invalid arguments")
 	ErrInvalidOnTarget        = gperr.New("invalid `rule.on` target")
 	ErrInvalidCommandSequence = gperr.New("invalid command sequence")

internal/route/rules/on.go

@@ -1,12 +1,11 @@
 package rules
 
 import (
+	"net"
 	"net/http"
 	"slices"
 	"strings"
 
-	"github.com/gobwas/glob"
-	nettypes "github.com/yusing/godoxy/internal/net/types"
 	"github.com/yusing/godoxy/internal/route/routes"
 	gperr "github.com/yusing/goutils/errs"
 	strutils "github.com/yusing/goutils/strings"
@@ -28,6 +27,7 @@ const (
 	OnForm      = "form"
 	OnPostForm  = "postform"
 	OnMethod    = "method"
+	OnHost      = "host"
 	OnPath      = "path"
 	OnRemote    = "remote"
 	OnBasicAuth = "basic_auth"
@@ -42,58 +42,69 @@ var checkers = map[string]struct {
 	OnHeader: {
 		help: Help{
 			command: OnHeader,
+			description: `Value supports string, glob pattern, or regex pattern, e.g.:
+			header username "user"
+			header username glob("user*")
+			header username regex("user.*")`,
 			args: map[string]string{
 				"key":     "the header key",
 				"[value]": "the header value",
 			},
 		},
-		validate: toKVOptionalV,
+		validate: toKVOptionalVMatcher,
 		builder: func(args any) CheckFunc {
-			k, v := args.(*StrTuple).Unpack()
-			if v == "" {
+			k, matcher := args.(*MapValueMatcher).Unpack()
+			if matcher == nil {
 				return func(cached Cache, r *http.Request) bool {
 					return len(r.Header[k]) > 0
 				}
 			}
 			return func(cached Cache, r *http.Request) bool {
-				return slices.Contains(r.Header[k], v)
+				return slices.ContainsFunc(r.Header[k], matcher)
 			}
 		},
 	},
 	OnQuery: {
 		help: Help{
 			command: OnQuery,
+			description: `Value supports string, glob pattern, or regex pattern, e.g.:
+			query username "user"
+			query username glob("user*")
+			query username regex("user.*")`,
 			args: map[string]string{
 				"key":     "the query key",
 				"[value]": "the query value",
 			},
 		},
-		validate: toKVOptionalV,
+		validate: toKVOptionalVMatcher,
 		builder: func(args any) CheckFunc {
-			k, v := args.(*StrTuple).Unpack()
-			if v == "" {
+			k, matcher := args.(*MapValueMatcher).Unpack()
+			if matcher == nil {
 				return func(cached Cache, r *http.Request) bool {
 					return len(cached.GetQueries(r)[k]) > 0
 				}
 			}
 			return func(cached Cache, r *http.Request) bool {
-				queries := cached.GetQueries(r)[k]
-				return slices.Contains(queries, v)
+				return slices.ContainsFunc(cached.GetQueries(r)[k], matcher)
 			}
 		},
 	},
 	OnCookie: {
 		help: Help{
 			command: OnCookie,
+			description: `Value supports string, glob pattern, or regex pattern, e.g.:
+			cookie username "user"
+			cookie username glob("user*")
+			cookie username regex("user.*")`,
 			args: map[string]string{
 				"key":     "the cookie key",
 				"[value]": "the cookie value",
 			},
 		},
-		validate: toKVOptionalV,
+		validate: toKVOptionalVMatcher,
 		builder: func(args any) CheckFunc {
-			k, v := args.(*StrTuple).Unpack()
-			if v == "" {
+			k, matcher := args.(*MapValueMatcher).Unpack()
+			if matcher == nil {
 				return func(cached Cache, r *http.Request) bool {
 					cookies := cached.GetCookies(r)
 					for _, cookie := range cookies {
@@ -107,9 +118,10 @@ var checkers = map[string]struct {
 			return func(cached Cache, r *http.Request) bool {
 				cookies := cached.GetCookies(r)
 				for _, cookie := range cookies {
-					if cookie.Name == k &&
-						cookie.Value == v {
-						return true
+					if cookie.Name == k {
+						if matcher(cookie.Value) {
+							return true
+						}
 					}
 				}
 				return false
@@ -119,42 +131,50 @@ var checkers = map[string]struct {
 	OnForm: {
 		help: Help{
 			command: OnForm,
+			description: `Value supports string, glob pattern, or regex pattern, e.g.:
+			form username "user"
+			form username glob("user*")
+			form username regex("user.*")`,
 			args: map[string]string{
 				"key":     "the form key",
 				"[value]": "the form value",
 			},
 		},
-		validate: toKVOptionalV,
+		validate: toKVOptionalVMatcher,
 		builder: func(args any) CheckFunc {
-			k, v := args.(*StrTuple).Unpack()
-			if v == "" {
+			k, matcher := args.(*MapValueMatcher).Unpack()
+			if matcher == nil {
 				return func(cached Cache, r *http.Request) bool {
 					return r.FormValue(k) != ""
 				}
 			}
 			return func(cached Cache, r *http.Request) bool {
-				return r.FormValue(k) == v
+				return matcher(r.FormValue(k))
 			}
 		},
 	},
 	OnPostForm: {
 		help: Help{
 			command: OnPostForm,
+			description: `Value supports string, glob pattern, or regex pattern, e.g.:
+			postform username "user"
+			postform username glob("user*")
+			postform username regex("user.*")`,
 			args: map[string]string{
 				"key":     "the form key",
 				"[value]": "the form value",
 			},
 		},
-		validate: toKVOptionalV,
+		validate: toKVOptionalVMatcher,
 		builder: func(args any) CheckFunc {
-			k, v := args.(*StrTuple).Unpack()
-			if v == "" {
+			k, matcher := args.(*MapValueMatcher).Unpack()
+			if matcher == nil {
 				return func(cached Cache, r *http.Request) bool {
 					return r.PostFormValue(k) != ""
 				}
 			}
 			return func(cached Cache, r *http.Request) bool {
-				return r.PostFormValue(k) == v
+				return matcher(r.PostFormValue(k))
 			}
 		},
 	},
@@ -173,25 +193,47 @@ var checkers = map[string]struct {
 			}
 		},
 	},
+	OnHost: {
+		help: Help{
+			command: OnHost,
+			description: `Supports string, glob pattern, or regex pattern, e.g.:
+				host example.com
+				host glob(example*.com)
+				host regex(example\w+\.com)
+				host regex(example\.com$)`,
+			args: map[string]string{
+				"host": "the host name",
+			},
+		},
+		validate: validateSingleMatcher,
+		builder: func(args any) CheckFunc {
+			matcher := args.(Matcher)
+			return func(cached Cache, r *http.Request) bool {
+				return matcher(r.Host)
+			}
+		},
+	},
 	OnPath: {
 		help: Help{
 			command: OnPath,
-			description: `The path can be a glob pattern, e.g.:
-				/path/to
-				/path/to/*`,
+			description: `Supports string, glob pattern, or regex pattern, e.g.:
+				path /path/to
+				path glob(/path/to/*)
+				path regex(^/path/to/.*$)
+				path regex(/path/[A-Z]+/)`,
 			args: map[string]string{
 				"path": "the request path",
 			},
 		},
-		validate: validateURLPathGlob,
+		validate: validateURLPathMatcher,
 		builder: func(args any) CheckFunc {
-			pat := args.(glob.Glob)
+			matcher := args.(Matcher)
 			return func(cached Cache, r *http.Request) bool {
 				reqPath := r.URL.Path
 				if len(reqPath) > 0 && reqPath[0] != '/' {
 					reqPath = "/" + reqPath
 				}
-				return pat.Match(reqPath)
+				return matcher(reqPath)
 			}
 		},
 	},
@@ -204,13 +246,24 @@ var checkers = map[string]struct {
 		},
 		validate: validateCIDR,
 		builder: func(args any) CheckFunc {
-			cidr := args.(nettypes.CIDR)
+			ipnet := args.(*net.IPNet)
+			// for /32 (IPv4) or /128 (IPv6), just compare the IP
+			if ones, bits := ipnet.Mask.Size(); ones == bits {
+				wantIP := ipnet.IP
+				return func(cached Cache, r *http.Request) bool {
+					ip := cached.GetRemoteIP(r)
+					if ip == nil {
+						return false
+					}
+					return ip.Equal(wantIP)
+				}
+			}
 			return func(cached Cache, r *http.Request) bool {
 				ip := cached.GetRemoteIP(r)
 				if ip == nil {
 					return false
 				}
-				return cidr.Contains(ip)
+				return ipnet.Contains(ip)
 			}
 		},
 	},
@@ -233,15 +286,19 @@ var checkers = map[string]struct {
 	OnRoute: {
 		help: Help{
 			command: OnRoute,
+			description: `Supports string, glob pattern, or regex pattern, e.g.:
+				route example
+				route glob(example*)
+				route regex(example\w+)`,
 			args: map[string]string{
 				"route": "the route name",
 			},
 		},
-		validate: validateSingleArg,
+		validate: validateSingleMatcher,
 		builder: func(args any) CheckFunc {
-			route := args.(string)
+			matcher := args.(Matcher)
 			return func(_ Cache, r *http.Request) bool {
-				return routes.TryGetUpstreamName(r) == route
+				return matcher(routes.TryGetUpstreamName(r))
 			}
 		},
 	},
@@ -253,8 +310,8 @@ var (
 )
 
 func indexAnd(s string) int {
-	for i, c := range s {
-		if andSeps[c] != 0 {
+	for i := range s {
+		if andSeps[s[i]] != 0 {
 			return i
 		}
 	}
@@ -263,8 +320,8 @@ func indexAnd(s string) int {
 
 func countAnd(s string) int {
 	n := 0
-	for _, c := range s {
-		if andSeps[c] != 0 {
+	for i := range s {
+		if andSeps[s[i]] != 0 {
 			n++
 		}
 	}

internal/route/rules/parser.go

@@ -2,6 +2,8 @@ package rules
 
 import (
 	"bytes"
+	"fmt"
+	"os"
 	"unicode"
 
 	gperr "github.com/yusing/goutils/errs"
@@ -14,20 +16,27 @@ var escapedChars = map[rune]rune{
 	'\'': '\'',
 	'"':  '"',
 	'\\': '\\',
-	'$':  '$',
 	' ':  ' ',
 }
 
 // parse expression to subject and args
-// with support for quotes and escaped chars, e.g.
+// with support for quotes, escaped chars, and env substitution, e.g.
 //
 //	error 403 "Forbidden 'foo' 'bar'"
 //	error 403 Forbidden\ \"foo\"\ \"bar\".
+//	error 403 "Message: ${CLOUDFLARE_API_KEY}"
 func parse(v string) (subject string, args []string, err gperr.Error) {
 	buf := bytes.NewBuffer(make([]byte, 0, len(v)))
 
 	escaped := false
 	quote := rune(0)
+	brackets := 0
+
+	var envVar bytes.Buffer
+	var missingEnvVars bytes.Buffer
+	inEnvVar := false
+	expectingBrace := false
+
 	flush := func(quoted bool) {
 		part := buf.String()
 		if !quoted {
@@ -56,8 +65,7 @@ func parse(v string) (subject string, args []string, err gperr.Error) {
 			if ch, ok := escapedChars[r]; ok {
 				buf.WriteRune(ch)
 			} else {
-				err = ErrUnsupportedEscapeChar.Subjectf("\\%c", r)
-				return subject, args, err
+				fmt.Fprintf(buf, `\%c`, r)
 			}
 			escaped = false
 			continue
@@ -65,10 +73,36 @@ func parse(v string) (subject string, args []string, err gperr.Error) {
 		switch r {
 		case '\\':
 			escaped = true
-			continue
-		case '"', '\'':
+		case '$':
+			if expectingBrace { // $$ => $ and continue
+				buf.WriteRune('$')
+				expectingBrace = false
+			} else {
+				expectingBrace = true
+			}
+		case '{':
+			if expectingBrace {
+				inEnvVar = true
+				expectingBrace = false
+				envVar.Reset()
+			} else {
+				buf.WriteRune(r)
+			}
+		case '}':
+			if inEnvVar {
+				envValue, ok := os.LookupEnv(envVar.String())
+				if !ok {
+					fmt.Fprintf(&missingEnvVars, "%q, ", envVar.String())
+				} else {
+					buf.WriteString(envValue)
+				}
+				inEnvVar = false
+			} else {
+				buf.WriteRune(r)
+			}
+		case '"', '\'', '`':
 			switch {
-			case quote == 0:
+			case quote == 0 && brackets == 0:
 				quote = r
 				flush(false)
 			case r == quote:
@@ -77,21 +111,40 @@ func parse(v string) (subject string, args []string, err gperr.Error) {
 			default:
 				buf.WriteRune(r)
 			}
+		case '(':
+			brackets++
+			buf.WriteRune(r)
+		case ')':
+			if brackets == 0 {
+				err = ErrUnterminatedBrackets
+				return subject, args, err
+			}
+			brackets--
+			buf.WriteRune(r)
 		case ' ':
 			if quote == 0 {
 				flush(false)
-				continue
+			} else {
+				buf.WriteRune(r)
 			}
-			fallthrough
 		default:
-			buf.WriteRune(r)
+			if inEnvVar {
+				envVar.WriteRune(r)
+			} else {
+				buf.WriteRune(r)
+			}
 		}
 	}
 
 	if quote != 0 {
 		err = ErrUnterminatedQuotes
+	} else if brackets != 0 {
+		err = ErrUnterminatedBrackets
 	} else {
 		flush(false)
 	}
+	if missingEnvVars.Len() > 0 {
+		err = gperr.Join(err, ErrEnvVarNotFound.Subject(missingEnvVars.String()))
+	}
 	return subject, args, err
 }

internal/route/rules/parser_test.go

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 package rules
 
 import (
+	"os"
 	"strconv"
 	"testing"
 
@@ -47,9 +48,28 @@ func TestParser(t *testing.T) {
 			args:    []string{"", ""},
 		},
 		{
-			name:    "invalid_escape",
-			input:   `foo \bar`,
-			wantErr: ErrUnsupportedEscapeChar,
+			name:    "regex_escaped",
+			input:   `foo regex(\b\B\s\S\w\W\d\D\$\.)`,
+			subject: "foo",
+			args:    []string{`regex(\b\B\s\S\w\W\d\D\$\.)`},
+		},
+		{
+			name:    "quote inside argument",
+			input:   `foo "abc 'def'"`,
+			subject: "foo",
+			args:    []string{"abc 'def'"},
+		},
+		{
+			name:    "quote inside function",
+			input:   `foo glob("'/**/to/path'")`,
+			subject: "foo",
+			args:    []string{"glob(\"'/**/to/path'\")"},
+		},
+		{
+			name:    "quote inside quoted function",
+			input:   "foo 'glob(\"`/**/to/path`\")'",
+			subject: "foo",
+			args:    []string{"glob(\"`/**/to/path`\")"},
 		},
 		{
 			name:    "chaos",
@@ -74,12 +94,69 @@ func TestParser(t *testing.T) {
 			// t.Log(subject, args, err)
 			expect.NoError(t, err)
 			expect.Equal(t, subject, tt.subject)
-			expect.Equal(t, len(args), len(tt.args))
-			for i, arg := range args {
-				expect.Equal(t, arg, tt.args[i])
-			}
+			expect.Equal(t, args, tt.args)
 		})
 	}
+	t.Run("env substitution", func(t *testing.T) {
+		// Set up test environment variables
+		os.Setenv("CLOUDFLARE_API_KEY", "test-api-key-123")
+		os.Setenv("DOMAIN", "example.com")
+		defer func() {
+			os.Unsetenv("CLOUDFLARE_API_KEY")
+			os.Unsetenv("DOMAIN")
+		}()
+
+		tests := []struct {
+			name    string
+			input   string
+			subject string
+			args    []string
+			wantErr string
+		}{
+			{
+				name:    "simple env var",
+				input:   `error 403 "Forbidden: ${CLOUDFLARE_API_KEY}"`,
+				subject: "error",
+				args:    []string{"403", "Forbidden: test-api-key-123"},
+			},
+			{
+				name:    "multiple env vars",
+				input:   `forward https://${DOMAIN}/api`,
+				subject: "forward",
+				args:    []string{"https://example.com/api"},
+			},
+			{
+				name:    "env var with other text",
+				input:   `auth "user-${DOMAIN}-admin" "password"`,
+				subject: "auth",
+				args:    []string{"user-example.com-admin", "password"},
+			},
+			{
+				name:    "non-existent env var",
+				input:   `error 404 "${NON_EXISTENT}"`,
+				wantErr: ErrEnvVarNotFound.Error(),
+			},
+			{
+				name:    "escaped",
+				input:   `error 404 "$${NON_EXISTENT}"`,
+				subject: "error",
+				args:    []string{"404", "${NON_EXISTENT}"},
+			},
+		}
+
+		for _, tt := range tests {
+			t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+				subject, args, err := parse(tt.input)
+				if tt.wantErr != "" {
+					expect.ErrorContains(t, err, tt.wantErr)
+					return
+				}
+				expect.NoError(t, err)
+				expect.Equal(t, subject, tt.subject)
+				expect.Equal(t, args, tt.args)
+			})
+		}
+	})
 	t.Run("unterminated quotes", func(t *testing.T) {
 		tests := []string{
 			`error 403 "Forbidden 'foo' 'bar'`,
@@ -97,7 +174,7 @@ func TestParser(t *testing.T) {
 
 func BenchmarkParser(b *testing.B) {
 	const input = `error 403 "Forbidden "foo" "bar""\ baz`
-	for range b.N {
+	for b.Loop() {
 		_, _, err := parse(input)
 		if err != nil {
 			b.Fatal(err)

internal/route/rules/validate.go

@@ -2,9 +2,12 @@ package rules
 
 import (
 	"fmt"
+	"net"
 	"os"
 	"path"
 	"path/filepath"
+	"regexp"
+	"strconv"
 	"strings"
 
 	"github.com/gobwas/glob"
@@ -19,7 +22,9 @@ type (
 		First  T1
 		Second T2
 	}
-	StrTuple = Tuple[string, string]
+	StrTuple        = Tuple[string, string]
+	IntTuple        = Tuple[int, int]
+	MapValueMatcher = Tuple[string, Matcher]
 )
 
 func (t *Tuple[T1, T2]) Unpack() (T1, T2) {
@@ -30,11 +35,101 @@ func (t *Tuple[T1, T2]) String() string {
 	return fmt.Sprintf("%v:%v", t.First, t.Second)
 }
 
-func validateSingleArg(args []string) (any, gperr.Error) {
+type (
+	Matcher     func(string) bool
+	MatcherType string
+)
+
+const (
+	MatcherTypeString MatcherType = "string"
+	MatcherTypeGlob   MatcherType = "glob"
+	MatcherTypeRegex  MatcherType = "regex"
+)
+
+func unquoteExpr(s string) (string, gperr.Error) {
+	if s == "" {
+		return "", nil
+	}
+	switch s[0] {
+	case '"', '\'', '`':
+		if s[0] != s[len(s)-1] {
+			return "", ErrUnterminatedQuotes
+		}
+		return s[1 : len(s)-1], nil
+	default:
+		return s, nil
+	}
+}
+
+func ExtractExpr(s string) (matcherType MatcherType, expr string, err gperr.Error) {
+	idx := strings.IndexByte(s, '(')
+	if idx == -1 {
+		return MatcherTypeString, s, nil
+	}
+	idxEnd := strings.LastIndexByte(s, ')')
+	if idxEnd == -1 {
+		return "", "", ErrUnterminatedBrackets
+	}
+
+	expr, err = unquoteExpr(s[idx+1 : idxEnd])
+	if err != nil {
+		return "", "", err
+	}
+	matcherType = MatcherType(strings.ToLower(s[:idx]))
+
+	switch matcherType {
+	case MatcherTypeGlob, MatcherTypeRegex, MatcherTypeString:
+		return
+	default:
+		return "", "", ErrInvalidArguments.Withf("invalid matcher type: %s", matcherType)
+	}
+}
+
+func ParseMatcher(expr string) (Matcher, gperr.Error) {
+	t, expr, err := ExtractExpr(expr)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	switch t {
+	case MatcherTypeString:
+		return StringMatcher(expr)
+	case MatcherTypeGlob:
+		return GlobMatcher(expr)
+	case MatcherTypeRegex:
+		return RegexMatcher(expr)
+	}
+	// won't reach here
+	return nil, ErrInvalidArguments.Withf("invalid matcher type: %s", t)
+}
+
+func StringMatcher(s string) (Matcher, gperr.Error) {
+	return func(s2 string) bool {
+		return s == s2
+	}, nil
+}
+
+func GlobMatcher(expr string) (Matcher, gperr.Error) {
+	g, err := glob.Compile(expr)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, ErrInvalidArguments.With(err)
+	}
+	return g.Match, nil
+}
+
+func RegexMatcher(expr string) (Matcher, gperr.Error) {
+	re, err := regexp.Compile(expr)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, ErrInvalidArguments.With(err)
+	}
+	return re.MatchString, nil
+}
+
+// validateSingleMatcher returns Matcher with the matcher validated.
+func validateSingleMatcher(args []string) (any, gperr.Error) {
 	if len(args) != 1 {
 		return nil, ErrExpectOneArg
 	}
-	return args[0], nil
+	return ParseMatcher(args[0])
 }
 
 // toStrTuple returns *StrTuple.
@@ -45,13 +140,17 @@ func toStrTuple(args []string) (any, gperr.Error) {
 	return &StrTuple{args[0], args[1]}, nil
 }
 
-// toKVOptionalV returns *StrTuple that value is optional.
-func toKVOptionalV(args []string) (any, gperr.Error) {
+// toKVOptionalVMatcher returns *MapValueMatcher that value is optional.
+func toKVOptionalVMatcher(args []string) (any, gperr.Error) {
 	switch len(args) {
 	case 1:
-		return &StrTuple{args[0], ""}, nil
+		return &MapValueMatcher{args[0], nil}, nil
 	case 2:
-		return &StrTuple{args[0], args[1]}, nil
+		m, err := ParseMatcher(args[1])
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		return &MapValueMatcher{args[0], m}, nil
 	default:
 		return nil, ErrExpectKVOptionalV
 	}
@@ -95,11 +194,11 @@ func validateCIDR(args []string) (any, gperr.Error) {
 	if !strings.Contains(args[0], "/") {
 		args[0] += "/32"
 	}
-	cidr, err := nettypes.ParseCIDR(args[0])
+	_, ipnet, err := net.ParseCIDR(args[0])
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, ErrInvalidArguments.With(err)
 	}
-	return cidr, nil
+	return ipnet, nil
 }
 
 // validateURLPath returns string with the path validated.
@@ -120,35 +219,12 @@ func validateURLPath(args []string) (any, gperr.Error) {
 	return p, nil
 }
 
-// validateURLPathGlob returns []string with each element validated.
-func validateURLPathGlob(args []string) (any, gperr.Error) {
-	p, err := validateURLPath(args)
+func validateURLPathMatcher(args []string) (any, gperr.Error) {
+	path, err := validateURLPath(args)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
-
-	g, gErr := glob.Compile(p.(string))
-	if gErr != nil {
-		return nil, ErrInvalidArguments.With(gErr)
-	}
-	return g, nil
-}
-
-// validateURLPaths returns []string with each element validated.
-func validateURLPaths(paths []string) (any, gperr.Error) {
-	errs := gperr.NewBuilder("invalid url paths")
-	for i, p := range paths {
-		val, err := validateURLPath([]string{p})
-		if err != nil {
-			errs.Add(err.Subject(p))
-			continue
-		}
-		paths[i] = val.(string)
-	}
-	if err := errs.Error(); err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-	return paths, nil
+	return ParseMatcher(path.(string))
 }
 
 // validateFSPath returns string with the path validated.

internal/route/rules/validate_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,98 @@
+package rules
+
+import (
+	"testing"
+
+	expect "github.com/yusing/goutils/testing"
+)
+
+func TestExtractExpr(t *testing.T) {
+	tests := []struct {
+		name     string
+		in       string
+		wantT    MatcherType
+		wantExpr string
+	}{
+		{
+			name:     "string implicit",
+			in:       "foo",
+			wantT:    MatcherTypeString,
+			wantExpr: "foo",
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "string explicit",
+			in:       "string(`foo`)",
+			wantT:    MatcherTypeString,
+			wantExpr: "foo",
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "glob",
+			in:       "glob(foo)",
+			wantT:    MatcherTypeGlob,
+			wantExpr: "foo",
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "glob quoted",
+			in:       "glob(`foo`)",
+			wantT:    MatcherTypeGlob,
+			wantExpr: "foo",
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "regex",
+			in:       "regex(^[A-Z]+$)",
+			wantT:    MatcherTypeRegex,
+			wantExpr: "^[A-Z]+$",
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "regex quoted",
+			in:       "regex(`^[A-Z]+$`)",
+			wantT:    MatcherTypeRegex,
+			wantExpr: "^[A-Z]+$",
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "quoted expr",
+			in:       "glob(`'foo'`)",
+			wantT:    MatcherTypeGlob,
+			wantExpr: "'foo'",
+		},
+	}
+	for _, tt := range tests {
+		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			typ, expr, err := ExtractExpr(tt.in)
+			expect.NoError(t, err)
+			expect.Equal(t, tt.wantT, typ)
+			expect.Equal(t, tt.wantExpr, expr)
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func TestExtractExprInvalid(t *testing.T) {
+	tests := []struct {
+		name    string
+		in      string
+		wantErr string
+	}{
+		{
+			name:    "missing closing quote",
+			in:      "glob(`foo)",
+			wantErr: "unterminated quotes",
+		},
+		{
+			name:    "missing closing bracket",
+			in:      "glob(`foo",
+			wantErr: "unterminated brackets",
+		},
+		{
+			name:    "invalid matcher type",
+			in:      "invalid(`foo`)",
+			wantErr: "invalid matcher type: invalid",
+		},
+	}
+	for _, tt := range tests {
+		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			_, _, err := ExtractExpr(tt.in)
+			expect.HasError(t, err)
+			expect.ErrorContains(t, err, tt.wantErr)
+		})
+	}
+}