Use Locale.ROOT when lowercasing rewrite URIs (#1618)

Use Locale.ROOT to apply the lowecase format. For URI scheme and host
locale-neutral casing is the semantically the correct choice. Added a
unit test that sets the default locale to tr-TR and that would fail
without the fix.

pkl-core/src/main/java/org/pkl/core/http/RequestRewritingClient.java

@@ -26,6 +26,7 @@ import java.time.Duration;
 import java.util.ArrayList;
 import java.util.Comparator;
 import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Locale;
 import java.util.Map;
 import java.util.Map.Entry;
 import java.util.Objects;
@@ -205,9 +206,9 @@ final class RequestRewritingClient implements HttpClient {
   private URI normalizeRewrite(URI uri) {
     try {
       return new URI(
-          uri.getScheme().toLowerCase(),
+          uri.getScheme().toLowerCase(Locale.ROOT),
           uri.getUserInfo(),
-          uri.getHost().toLowerCase(),
+          uri.getHost().toLowerCase(Locale.ROOT),
           uri.getPort(),
           uri.getPath(),
           uri.getQuery(),

pkl-core/src/test/kotlin/org/pkl/core/http/RequestRewritingClientTest.kt

@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@ import java.net.http.HttpRequest
 import java.net.http.HttpRequest.BodyPublishers
 import java.net.http.HttpResponse.BodyHandlers
 import java.time.Duration
+import java.util.Locale
 import org.assertj.core.api.Assertions.assertThat
 import org.assertj.core.api.Assertions.assertThatList
 import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test
@@ -321,6 +322,24 @@ class RequestRewritingClientTest {
       .isEqualTo("https://bar.com/bar/baz")
   }
 
+  @Test
+  fun `rewrites URIs - host with capital I under tr_TR locale`() {
+    // Under tr_TR, "INDEX.COM".toLowerCase() becomes "ındex.com".
+    val previous = Locale.getDefault()
+    Locale.setDefault(Locale.forLanguageTag("tr-TR"))
+    try {
+      assertThat(
+          rewrittenRequest(
+            "https://INDEX.COM/foo/bar",
+            mapOf(URI("https://index.com/") to URI("https://bar.com/")),
+          )
+        )
+        .isEqualTo("https://bar.com/foo/bar")
+    } finally {
+      Locale.setDefault(previous)
+    }
+  }
+
   private fun rewrittenRequest(uri: String, rules: Map<URI, URI>): String {
     val captured = RequestCapturingClient()
     val client = RequestRewritingClient("Pkl", Duration.ofSeconds(42), -1, captured, rules, mapOf())