Introduces Bytes class (#1019)

This introduces a new `Bytes` standard library class, for working with
binary data.

* Add Bytes class to the standard library
* Change CLI to eval `output.bytes`
* Change code generators to map Bytes to respective underlying type
* Add subscript and concat operator support
* Add binary encoding for Bytes
* Add PCF and Plist rendering for Bytes

Co-authored-by: Kushal Pisavadia <kushi.p@gmail.com>

pkl-codegen-kotlin/src/test/kotlin/org/pkl/codegen/kotlin/KotlinCodeGeneratorTest.kt

@@ -120,6 +120,7 @@ class KotlinCodeGeneratorTest {
           any: Any
           nonNull: NonNull
           enum: Direction
+          bytes: Bytes
         }
 
         open class Other {
@@ -193,7 +194,6 @@ class KotlinCodeGeneratorTest {
   @Test
   fun testToString() {
     val (_, propertyTypes) = instantiateOtherAndPropertyTypes()
-
     assertThat(propertyTypes.toString())
       .isEqualTo(
         """PropertyTypes(boolean=true, int=42, float=42.3, string=string, duration=5.min, """ +
@@ -204,7 +204,8 @@ class KotlinCodeGeneratorTest {
           """set2=[Other(name=pigeon)], map={1=one, 2=two}, map2={one=Other(name=pigeon), """ +
           """two=Other(name=pigeon)}, container={1=one, 2=two}, container2={one=Other(name=pigeon), """ +
           """two=Other(name=pigeon)}, other=Other(name=pigeon), regex=(i?)\w*, any=Other(name=pigeon), """ +
-          """nonNull=Other(name=pigeon), enum=north)"""
+          """nonNull=Other(name=pigeon), enum=north, """ +
+          """bytes=[1, 2, 3, 4])"""
       )
   }
 
@@ -412,6 +413,7 @@ class KotlinCodeGeneratorTest {
     assertThat(readProperty(propertyTypes, "regex")).isInstanceOf(Regex::class.java)
     assertThat(readProperty(propertyTypes, "any")).isEqualTo(other)
     assertThat(readProperty(propertyTypes, "nonNull")).isEqualTo(other)
+    assertThat(readProperty(propertyTypes, "bytes")).isEqualTo(byteArrayOf(1, 2, 3, 4))
   }
 
   private fun readProperty(receiver: Any, name: String): Any? {
@@ -571,6 +573,25 @@ class KotlinCodeGeneratorTest {
       .contains("result = 31 * result + Objects.hashCode(this.name.pattern)")
   }
 
+  @Test
+  fun `data class with ByteArray property has custom equals and hashCode methods`() {
+    val kotlinCode =
+      generateKotlinCode(
+        """
+      module my.mod
+
+      class Foo {
+        bytes: Bytes
+      }
+    """
+          .trimIndent()
+      )
+
+    assertThat(kotlinCode)
+      .contains("if (!this.bytes.contentEquals(other.bytes)) return false")
+      .contains("result = 31 * result + this.bytes.contentHashCode()")
+  }
+
   @Test
   fun `recursive types`() {
     val kotlinCode =
@@ -2078,6 +2099,7 @@ class KotlinCodeGeneratorTest {
         other,
         other,
         enumValue,
+        byteArrayOf(1, 2, 3, 4),
       )
 
     return other to propertyTypes

pkl-codegen-kotlin/src/test/resources/org/pkl/codegen/kotlin/PropertyTypes.kotlin

@@ -1,8 +1,10 @@
 package my
 
+import java.util.Arrays
 import java.util.Objects
 import kotlin.Any
 import kotlin.Boolean
+import kotlin.ByteArray
 import kotlin.Double
 import kotlin.Int
 import kotlin.Long
@@ -46,7 +48,8 @@ object Mod {
     open val regex: Regex,
     open val any: Any?,
     open val nonNull: Any,
-    open val enum: Direction
+    open val enum: Direction,
+    open val bytes: ByteArray
   ) {
     open fun copy(
       boolean: Boolean = this.boolean,
@@ -75,10 +78,11 @@ object Mod {
       regex: Regex = this.regex,
       any: Any? = this.any,
       nonNull: Any = this.nonNull,
-      enum: Direction = this.enum
+      enum: Direction = this.enum,
+      bytes: ByteArray = this.bytes
     ): PropertyTypes = PropertyTypes(boolean, int, float, string, duration, durationUnit, dataSize,
         dataSizeUnit, nullable, nullable2, pair, pair2, coll, coll2, list, list2, set, set2, map,
-        map2, container, container2, other, regex, any, nonNull, enum)
+        map2, container, container2, other, regex, any, nonNull, enum, bytes)
 
     override fun equals(other: Any?): Boolean {
       if (this === other) return true
@@ -111,6 +115,7 @@ object Mod {
       if (this.any != other.any) return false
       if (this.nonNull != other.nonNull) return false
       if (this.enum != other.enum) return false
+      if (!this.bytes.contentEquals(other.bytes)) return false
       return true
     }
 
@@ -143,11 +148,12 @@ object Mod {
       result = 31 * result + Objects.hashCode(this.any)
       result = 31 * result + Objects.hashCode(this.nonNull)
       result = 31 * result + Objects.hashCode(this.enum)
+      result = 31 * result + this.bytes.contentHashCode()
       return result
     }
 
     override fun toString(): String =
-        """PropertyTypes(boolean=$boolean, int=$int, float=$float, string=$string, duration=$duration, durationUnit=$durationUnit, dataSize=$dataSize, dataSizeUnit=$dataSizeUnit, nullable=$nullable, nullable2=$nullable2, pair=$pair, pair2=$pair2, coll=$coll, coll2=$coll2, list=$list, list2=$list2, set=$set, set2=$set2, map=$map, map2=$map2, container=$container, container2=$container2, other=$other, regex=$regex, any=$any, nonNull=$nonNull, enum=$enum)"""
+        """PropertyTypes(boolean=$boolean, int=$int, float=$float, string=$string, duration=$duration, durationUnit=$durationUnit, dataSize=$dataSize, dataSizeUnit=$dataSizeUnit, nullable=$nullable, nullable2=$nullable2, pair=$pair, pair2=$pair2, coll=$coll, coll2=$coll2, list=$list, list2=$list2, set=$set, set2=$set2, map=$map, map2=$map2, container=$container, container2=$container2, other=$other, regex=$regex, any=$any, nonNull=$nonNull, enum=$enum, bytes=${Arrays.toString(bytes)})"""
   }
 
   open class Other(