diff --git a/README.md b/README.md
index 16454bba..2f82846e 100644
--- a/README.md
+++ b/README.md
@@ -10,7 +10,6 @@ This repository is home to the nix code that builds my systems.
 ## TODO
 
 - [sops-nix](https://github.com/Mic92/sops-nix): secret management
-- [devShell](https://github.com/numtide/devshell): manage development environments
 - make fcitx5-rime work in vscode/chrome on wayland
 - adjust the structure of this repo, make it more flexible, and can easily switch between i3, sway and hyprland.
 - migrate my private tools & wireguard configurations into nixos, make it a private flake(private github repo), and used it as flake inputs in this repo.
diff --git a/flake.lock b/flake.lock
index c03959f4..84525431 100644
--- a/flake.lock
+++ b/flake.lock
@@ -1,6 +1,44 @@
 {
   "nodes": {
+    "devenv": {
+      "inputs": {
+        "flake-compat": "flake-compat",
+        "nix": "nix",
+        "nixpkgs": "nixpkgs",
+        "pre-commit-hooks": "pre-commit-hooks"
+      },
+      "locked": {
+        "lastModified": 1678113758,
+        "narHash": "sha256-mD3SkN43b1s5CJ8Rx3l2oK3Dqgs+6Ze0FfWrdMcrrYk=",
+        "owner": "cachix",
+        "repo": "devenv",
+        "rev": "6455f319fc90e0be2071327093c5458f9afc61bf",
+        "type": "github"
+      },
+      "original": {
+        "owner": "cachix",
+        "ref": "latest",
+        "repo": "devenv",
+        "type": "github"
+      }
+    },
     "flake-compat": {
+      "flake": false,
+      "locked": {
+        "lastModified": 1673956053,
+        "narHash": "sha256-4gtG9iQuiKITOjNQQeQIpoIB6b16fm+504Ch3sNKLd8=",
+        "owner": "edolstra",
+        "repo": "flake-compat",
+        "rev": "35bb57c0c8d8b62bbfd284272c928ceb64ddbde9",
+        "type": "github"
+      },
+      "original": {
+        "owner": "edolstra",
+        "repo": "flake-compat",
+        "type": "github"
+      }
+    },
+    "flake-compat_2": {
       "locked": {
         "lastModified": 1680531544,
         "narHash": "sha256-8qbiDTYb1kGaDADRXTItpcMKQ1TeQVkuof6oEwHUvVA=",
@@ -38,6 +76,21 @@
       }
     },
     "flake-utils": {
+      "locked": {
+        "lastModified": 1667395993,
+        "narHash": "sha256-nuEHfE/LcWyuSWnS8t12N1wc105Qtau+/OdUAjtQ0rA=",
+        "owner": "numtide",
+        "repo": "flake-utils",
+        "rev": "5aed5285a952e0b949eb3ba02c12fa4fcfef535f",
+        "type": "github"
+      },
+      "original": {
+        "owner": "numtide",
+        "repo": "flake-utils",
+        "type": "github"
+      }
+    },
+    "flake-utils_2": {
       "inputs": {
         "systems": "systems"
       },
@@ -55,6 +108,28 @@
         "type": "github"
       }
     },
+    "gitignore": {
+      "inputs": {
+        "nixpkgs": [
+          "devenv",
+          "pre-commit-hooks",
+          "nixpkgs"
+        ]
+      },
+      "locked": {
+        "lastModified": 1660459072,
+        "narHash": "sha256-8DFJjXG8zqoONA1vXtgeKXy68KdJL5UaXR8NtVMUbx8=",
+        "owner": "hercules-ci",
+        "repo": "gitignore.nix",
+        "rev": "a20de23b925fd8264fd7fad6454652e142fd7f73",
+        "type": "github"
+      },
+      "original": {
+        "owner": "hercules-ci",
+        "repo": "gitignore.nix",
+        "type": "github"
+      }
+    },
     "home-manager": {
       "inputs": {
         "nixpkgs": [
@@ -78,7 +153,7 @@
     "hyprland": {
       "inputs": {
         "hyprland-protocols": "hyprland-protocols",
-        "nixpkgs": "nixpkgs",
+        "nixpkgs": "nixpkgs_2",
         "wlroots": "wlroots",
         "xdph": "xdph"
       },
@@ -119,7 +194,7 @@
     },
     "lib-aggregate": {
       "inputs": {
-        "flake-utils": "flake-utils",
+        "flake-utils": "flake-utils_2",
         "nixpkgs-lib": "nixpkgs-lib"
       },
       "locked": {
@@ -136,10 +211,50 @@
         "type": "github"
       }
     },
+    "lowdown-src": {
+      "flake": false,
+      "locked": {
+        "lastModified": 1633514407,
+        "narHash": "sha256-Dw32tiMjdK9t3ETl5fzGrutQTzh2rufgZV4A/BbxuD4=",
+        "owner": "kristapsdz",
+        "repo": "lowdown",
+        "rev": "d2c2b44ff6c27b936ec27358a2653caaef8f73b8",
+        "type": "github"
+      },
+      "original": {
+        "owner": "kristapsdz",
+        "repo": "lowdown",
+        "type": "github"
+      }
+    },
+    "nix": {
+      "inputs": {
+        "lowdown-src": "lowdown-src",
+        "nixpkgs": [
+          "devenv",
+          "nixpkgs"
+        ],
+        "nixpkgs-regression": "nixpkgs-regression"
+      },
+      "locked": {
+        "lastModified": 1676545802,
+        "narHash": "sha256-EK4rZ+Hd5hsvXnzSzk2ikhStJnD63odF7SzsQ8CuSPU=",
+        "owner": "domenkozar",
+        "repo": "nix",
+        "rev": "7c91803598ffbcfe4a55c44ac6d49b2cf07a527f",
+        "type": "github"
+      },
+      "original": {
+        "owner": "domenkozar",
+        "ref": "relaxed-flakes",
+        "repo": "nix",
+        "type": "github"
+      }
+    },
     "nix-eval-jobs": {
       "inputs": {
         "flake-parts": "flake-parts",
-        "nixpkgs": "nixpkgs_3"
+        "nixpkgs": "nixpkgs_4"
       },
       "locked": {
         "lastModified": 1682480188,
@@ -157,16 +272,16 @@
     },
     "nixpkgs": {
       "locked": {
-        "lastModified": 1683014792,
-        "narHash": "sha256-6Va9iVtmmsw4raBc3QKvQT2KT/NGRWlvUlJj46zN8B8=",
+        "lastModified": 1677534593,
+        "narHash": "sha256-PuZSAHeq4/9pP/uYH1FcagQ3nLm/DrDrvKi/xC9glvw=",
         "owner": "NixOS",
         "repo": "nixpkgs",
-        "rev": "1a411f23ba299db155a5b45d5e145b85a7aafc42",
+        "rev": "3ad64d9e2d5bf80c877286102355b1625891ae9a",
         "type": "github"
       },
       "original": {
         "owner": "NixOS",
-        "ref": "nixos-unstable",
+        "ref": "nixpkgs-unstable",
         "repo": "nixpkgs",
         "type": "github"
       }
@@ -186,7 +301,39 @@
         "type": "github"
       }
     },
+    "nixpkgs-regression": {
+      "locked": {
+        "lastModified": 1643052045,
+        "narHash": "sha256-uGJ0VXIhWKGXxkeNnq4TvV3CIOkUJ3PAoLZ3HMzNVMw=",
+        "owner": "NixOS",
+        "repo": "nixpkgs",
+        "rev": "215d4d0fd80ca5163643b03a33fde804a29cc1e2",
+        "type": "github"
+      },
+      "original": {
+        "owner": "NixOS",
+        "repo": "nixpkgs",
+        "rev": "215d4d0fd80ca5163643b03a33fde804a29cc1e2",
+        "type": "github"
+      }
+    },
     "nixpkgs-stable": {
+      "locked": {
+        "lastModified": 1673800717,
+        "narHash": "sha256-SFHraUqLSu5cC6IxTprex/nTsI81ZQAtDvlBvGDWfnA=",
+        "owner": "NixOS",
+        "repo": "nixpkgs",
+        "rev": "2f9fd351ec37f5d479556cd48be4ca340da59b8f",
+        "type": "github"
+      },
+      "original": {
+        "owner": "NixOS",
+        "ref": "nixos-22.11",
+        "repo": "nixpkgs",
+        "type": "github"
+      }
+    },
+    "nixpkgs-stable_2": {
       "locked": {
         "lastModified": 1683383741,
         "narHash": "sha256-rAQSBnFGNKNomUUyVl+7v0tnp45677t4Ovlh9f57k6Q=",
@@ -204,10 +351,10 @@
     },
     "nixpkgs-wayland": {
       "inputs": {
-        "flake-compat": "flake-compat",
+        "flake-compat": "flake-compat_2",
         "lib-aggregate": "lib-aggregate",
         "nix-eval-jobs": "nix-eval-jobs",
-        "nixpkgs": "nixpkgs_4"
+        "nixpkgs": "nixpkgs_5"
       },
       "locked": {
         "lastModified": 1683454517,
@@ -224,6 +371,22 @@
       }
     },
     "nixpkgs_2": {
+      "locked": {
+        "lastModified": 1683014792,
+        "narHash": "sha256-6Va9iVtmmsw4raBc3QKvQT2KT/NGRWlvUlJj46zN8B8=",
+        "owner": "NixOS",
+        "repo": "nixpkgs",
+        "rev": "1a411f23ba299db155a5b45d5e145b85a7aafc42",
+        "type": "github"
+      },
+      "original": {
+        "owner": "NixOS",
+        "ref": "nixos-unstable",
+        "repo": "nixpkgs",
+        "type": "github"
+      }
+    },
+    "nixpkgs_3": {
       "locked": {
         "lastModified": 1683408522,
         "narHash": "sha256-9kcPh6Uxo17a3kK3XCHhcWiV1Yu1kYj22RHiymUhMkU=",
@@ -239,7 +402,7 @@
         "type": "github"
       }
     },
-    "nixpkgs_3": {
+    "nixpkgs_4": {
       "locked": {
         "lastModified": 1681347147,
         "narHash": "sha256-B+hTioRc3Jdf4SJyeCiO0fW5ShIznJk2OTiW2vOV+mc=",
@@ -255,7 +418,7 @@
         "type": "github"
       }
     },
-    "nixpkgs_4": {
+    "nixpkgs_5": {
       "locked": {
         "lastModified": 1683408522,
         "narHash": "sha256-9kcPh6Uxo17a3kK3XCHhcWiV1Yu1kYj22RHiymUhMkU=",
@@ -286,12 +449,41 @@
         "type": "github"
       }
     },
+    "pre-commit-hooks": {
+      "inputs": {
+        "flake-compat": [
+          "devenv",
+          "flake-compat"
+        ],
+        "flake-utils": "flake-utils",
+        "gitignore": "gitignore",
+        "nixpkgs": [
+          "devenv",
+          "nixpkgs"
+        ],
+        "nixpkgs-stable": "nixpkgs-stable"
+      },
+      "locked": {
+        "lastModified": 1677160285,
+        "narHash": "sha256-tBzpCjMP+P3Y3nKLYvdBkXBg3KvTMo3gvi8tLQaqXVY=",
+        "owner": "cachix",
+        "repo": "pre-commit-hooks.nix",
+        "rev": "2bd861ab81469428d9c823ef72c4bb08372dd2c4",
+        "type": "github"
+      },
+      "original": {
+        "owner": "cachix",
+        "repo": "pre-commit-hooks.nix",
+        "type": "github"
+      }
+    },
     "root": {
       "inputs": {
+        "devenv": "devenv",
         "home-manager": "home-manager",
         "hyprland": "hyprland",
-        "nixpkgs": "nixpkgs_2",
-        "nixpkgs-stable": "nixpkgs-stable",
+        "nixpkgs": "nixpkgs_3",
+        "nixpkgs-stable": "nixpkgs-stable_2",
         "nixpkgs-wayland": "nixpkgs-wayland",
         "nur": "nur"
       }
diff --git a/flake.nix b/flake.nix
index 5c40e708..d3580fa3 100644
--- a/flake.nix
+++ b/flake.nix
@@ -51,6 +51,9 @@
     hyprland.url = "github:hyprwm/Hyprland";
     # community wayland nixpkgs
     nixpkgs-wayland.url = "github:nix-community/nixpkgs-wayland";
+
+    # use devenv to manage my development environment
+    devenv.url = "github:cachix/devenv/latest";
   };
 
   # outputs 的参数都是 inputs 中定义的依赖项，可以通过它们的名称来引用。
diff --git a/modules/system.nix b/modules/system.nix
index cdd13113..7f254cb9 100644
--- a/modules/system.nix
+++ b/modules/system.nix
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-{ config, pkgs, ... }:
+{ config, pkgs, devenv, ... }:
 
 {
   # enable flakes globally
@@ -163,6 +163,8 @@
     # remote desktop(rdp connect)
     remmina
     freerdp  # required by remmina
+
+    devenv.packages."${pkgs.system}".devenv
   ];
 
   # replace default editor with vim