diff --git a/flake.nix b/flake.nix
index 2d2991da..63993d43 100644
--- a/flake.nix
+++ b/flake.nix
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@
   }: let
     constants = import ./constants.nix;
 
-    # FYI: `lib.genAttrs [ "foo" "bar" ] (name: "x_" + name)` => `{ foo = "x_foo"; bar = "x_bar"; }`
+    # `lib.genAttrs [ "foo" "bar" ] (name: "x_" + name)` => `{ foo = "x_foo"; bar = "x_bar"; }`
     forEachSystem = func: (nixpkgs.lib.genAttrs constants.allSystems func);
 
     allSystemConfigurations = import ./systems {inherit self inputs constants;};
diff --git a/lib/attrs.nix b/lib/attrs.nix
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..f1c067d9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/attrs.nix
@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+{ lib, ... }:
+
+rec {
+  # Generate an attribute set from a list.
+  #
+  #   lib.genAttrs [ "foo" "bar" ] (name: "x_" + name)
+  #     => { foo = "x_foo"; bar = "x_bar"; }
+  listToAttrs = lib.genAttrs;
+
+  # Update only the values of the given attribute set.
+  # 
+  #   mapAttrs
+  #   (name: value: ("bar-" + value))
+  #   { x = "a"; y = "b"; }
+  #     => { foo = "bar-a"; foo = "bar-b"; }
+  mapAttrs = lib.attrsets.mapAttrs;
+
+  # Update both the names and values of the given attribute set.
+  # 
+  #   mapAttrs'
+  #   (name: value: nameValuePair ("foo_" + name) ("bar-" + value))
+  #   { x = "a"; y = "b"; }
+  #     => { foo_x = "bar-a"; foo_y = "bar-b"; }
+  mapAttrs' = lib.attrsets.mapAttrs';
+
+  # Merge a list of attribute sets into one. smilar to the operator `a // b`, but for a list of attribute sets.
+  #
+  #   mergeAttrsList
+  #   [ { x = "a"; y = "b"; } { x = "c"; z = "d"; } { g = "e"; } ]
+  #   => { x = "c"; y = "b"; z = "d"; g = "e"; }
+  mergeAttrsList = lib.attrsets.mergeAttrsList;
+
+  # Generate a string from an attribute set.
+  # 
+  #   attrsets.foldlAttrs
+  #   (acc: name: value: acc + "\nexport ${name}=${value}")
+  #   "# A shell script"
+  #   { x = "a"; y = "b"; }
+  #     =>
+  #     ```
+  #     # A shell script
+  #     export x=a
+  #     export y=b
+  #    ````
+  foldlAttrs = lib.attrsets.foldlAttrs;
+}
diff --git a/systems/colmena.nix b/systems/colmena.nix
index 242127ed..94302c13 100644
--- a/systems/colmena.nix
+++ b/systems/colmena.nix
@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 args:
 with args;
 with allSystemAttrs; let
-  inherit (nixpkgs) lib;
   colmenaSystem = import ../lib/colmenaSystem.nix;
   # x86_64 related
   x64_base_args = {
@@ -66,36 +65,36 @@ in {
     };
 
     # proxmox virtual machines(x86_64)
-    aquamarine = colmenaSystem (lib.attrsets.mergeAttrsList [
+    aquamarine = colmenaSystem (libAttrs.mergeAttrsList [
       x64_base_args
       idol_aquamarine_modules
       {host_tags = idol_aquamarine_tags;}
     ]);
-    ruby = colmenaSystem (lib.attrsets.mergeAttrsList [
+    ruby = colmenaSystem (libAttrs.mergeAttrsList [
       x64_base_args
       idol_ruby_modules
       {host_tags = idol_ruby_tags;}
     ]);
-    kana = colmenaSystem (lib.attrsets.mergeAttrsList [
+    kana = colmenaSystem (libAttrs.mergeAttrsList [
       x64_base_args
       idol_kana_modules
       {host_tags = idol_kana_tags;}
     ]);
 
     # riscv64 SBCs
-    nozomi = colmenaSystem (lib.attrsets.mergeAttrsList [
+    nozomi = colmenaSystem (libAttrs.mergeAttrsList [
       lpi4a_base_args
       rolling_nozomi_modules
       {host_tags = rolling_nozomi_tags;}
     ]);
-    yukina = colmenaSystem (lib.attrsets.mergeAttrsList [
+    yukina = colmenaSystem (libAttrs.mergeAttrsList [
       lpi4a_base_args
       rolling_yukina_modules
       {host_tags = rolling_yukina_tags;}
     ]);
 
     # aarch64 SBCs
-    suzu = colmenaSystem (lib.attrsets.mergeAttrsList [
+    suzu = colmenaSystem (libAttrs.mergeAttrsList [
       rk3588_base_args
       _12kingdoms_suzu_modules
       {host_tags = _12kingdoms_suzu_tags;}
diff --git a/systems/darwin.nix b/systems/darwin.nix
index f497810c..a26616f7 100644
--- a/systems/darwin.nix
+++ b/systems/darwin.nix
@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 args:
 with args;
 with allSystemAttrs; let
-  inherit (nixpkgs) lib;
   macosSystem = import ../lib/macosSystem.nix;
   base_args = {
     inherit nix-darwin home-manager;
@@ -11,7 +10,7 @@ in {
   # macOS's configuration
   darwinConfigurations = {
     harmonica = macosSystem (
-      lib.attrsets.mergeAttrsList [
+      libAttrs.mergeAttrsList [
         base_args
         darwin_harmonica_modules
         {
@@ -22,7 +21,7 @@ in {
     );
 
     fern = macosSystem (
-      lib.attrsets.mergeAttrsList [
+      libAttrs.mergeAttrsList [
         base_args
         darwin_fern_modules
         {
diff --git a/systems/default.nix b/systems/default.nix
index 2c6967a1..43dfce22 100644
--- a/systems/default.nix
+++ b/systems/default.nix
@@ -4,11 +4,13 @@
   constants,
 }: let
   inherit (inputs.nixpkgs) lib;
+  libAttrs = import ../lib/attrs.nix {inherit lib;};
   vars = import ./vars.nix;
 
   specialArgsForSystem = system:
     {
       inherit (constants) username userfullname useremail;
+      inherit libAttrs;
       # use unstable branch for some packages to get the latest updates
       pkgs-unstable = import inputs.nixpkgs-unstable {
         inherit system; # refer the `system` parameter form outer scope recursively
@@ -19,18 +21,18 @@
     // inputs;
 
   allSystemSpecialArgs =
-    lib.attrsets.mapAttrs
-    (name: specialArgsForSystem)
+    libAttrs.mapAttrs
+    (_: specialArgsForSystem)
     constants.allSystemAttrs;
 
-  args = lib.attrsets.mergeAttrsList [
+  args = libAttrs.mergeAttrsList [
     inputs
     constants
     vars
-    {inherit self allSystemSpecialArgs;}
+    {inherit self lib libAttrs allSystemSpecialArgs;}
   ];
 in
-  lib.attrsets.mergeAttrsList [
+  libAttrs.mergeAttrsList [
     (import ./nixos.nix args)
     (import ./darwin.nix args)
     (import ./colmena.nix args)
diff --git a/systems/nixos.nix b/systems/nixos.nix
index 026c3beb..796dfdf0 100644
--- a/systems/nixos.nix
+++ b/systems/nixos.nix
@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 args:
 with args;
 with allSystemAttrs; let
-  inherit (nixpkgs) lib;
   nixosSystem = import ../lib/nixosSystem.nix;
 
   base_args = {
@@ -25,11 +24,9 @@ in {
 
   # take system images for idols
   # https://github.com/nix-community/nixos-generators
-  packages."${x64_system}" = lib.attrsets.mergeAttrsList [
+  packages."${x64_system}" = libAttrs.mergeAttrsList [
     (
-      # lib.genAttrs [ "foo" "bar" ] (name: "x_" + name)
-      #   => { foo = "x_foo"; bar = "x_bar"; }
-      nixpkgs.lib.genAttrs
+      libAttrs.listToAttrs
       [
         "ai_i3"
         "ai_hyprland"
@@ -39,7 +36,7 @@ in {
     )
 
     (
-      nixpkgs.lib.genAttrs
+      libAttrs.listToAttrs
       [
         "aquamarine"
         "ruby"