diff --git a/internal/net/gphttp/middleware/middleware.go b/internal/net/gphttp/middleware/middleware.go
index 26284245..0c19520e 100644
--- a/internal/net/gphttp/middleware/middleware.go
+++ b/internal/net/gphttp/middleware/middleware.go
@@ -9,9 +9,9 @@ import (
 	"github.com/bytedance/sonic"
 	"github.com/rs/zerolog"
 	"github.com/rs/zerolog/log"
+	"github.com/yusing/godoxy/internal/route/rules"
 	"github.com/yusing/godoxy/internal/serialization"
 	gperr "github.com/yusing/goutils/errs"
-	httputils "github.com/yusing/goutils/http"
 	"github.com/yusing/goutils/http/reverseproxy"
 )
 
@@ -184,17 +184,42 @@ func (m *Middleware) ModifyResponse(resp *http.Response) error {
 }
 
 func (m *Middleware) ServeHTTP(next http.HandlerFunc, w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
-	if exec, ok := m.impl.(ResponseModifier); ok {
-		w = httputils.NewModifyResponseWriter(w, r, func(resp *http.Response) error {
-			return exec.modifyResponse(resp)
-		})
-	}
 	if exec, ok := m.impl.(RequestModifier); ok {
 		if proceed := exec.before(w, r); !proceed {
 			return
 		}
 	}
-	next(w, r)
+
+	if exec, ok := m.impl.(ResponseModifier); ok {
+		rm := rules.NewResponseModifier(w)
+		defer rm.FlushRelease()
+		next(rm, r)
+
+		currentBody := rm.BodyReader()
+		currentResp := &http.Response{
+			StatusCode:    rm.StatusCode(),
+			Header:        rm.Header(),
+			ContentLength: int64(rm.ContentLength()),
+			Body:          currentBody,
+			Request:       r,
+		}
+		if err := exec.modifyResponse(currentResp); err != nil {
+			log.Err(err).Str("middleware", m.Name()).Str("url", fullURL(r)).Msg("failed to modify response")
+		}
+
+		// override the response status code
+		rm.WriteHeader(currentResp.StatusCode)
+
+		// overriding the response header is not necessary
+		// modifyResponse is supposed to write to Header directly instead of assigning a new header map)
+
+		// override the content length and body if changed
+		if currentResp.Body != currentBody {
+			rm.SetBody(currentResp.Body)
+		}
+	} else {
+		next(w, r)
+	}
 }
 
 func (m *Middleware) LogWarn(req *http.Request) *zerolog.Event {
diff --git a/internal/route/rules/response_modifier.go b/internal/route/rules/response_modifier.go
index 965f19f0..9d3683c8 100644
--- a/internal/route/rules/response_modifier.go
+++ b/internal/route/rules/response_modifier.go
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ import (
 	"bufio"
 	"bytes"
 	"errors"
+	"fmt"
 	"io"
 	"net"
 	"net/http"
@@ -110,6 +111,15 @@ func (rm *ResponseModifier) WriteHeader(code int) {
 	rm.statusCode = code
 }
 
+// BodyReader returns a reader for the response body.
+// Every call to this function will return a new reader that starts from the beginning of the buffer.
+func (rm *ResponseModifier) BodyReader() io.ReadCloser {
+	if rm.buf == nil {
+		return io.NopCloser(bytes.NewReader(nil))
+	}
+	return io.NopCloser(bytes.NewReader(rm.buf.Bytes()))
+}
+
 func (rm *ResponseModifier) ResetBody() {
 	if rm.buf == nil {
 		return
@@ -117,6 +127,21 @@ func (rm *ResponseModifier) ResetBody() {
 	rm.buf.Reset()
 }
 
+func (rm *ResponseModifier) SetBody(r io.ReadCloser) error {
+	if rm.buf == nil {
+		rm.buf = rm.bufPool.GetBuffer()
+	} else {
+		rm.buf.Reset()
+	}
+
+	_, err := io.Copy(rm.buf, r)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("failed to copy body: %w", err)
+	}
+	r.Close()
+	return nil
+}
+
 func (rm *ResponseModifier) ContentLength() int {
 	if rm.buf == nil {
 		return 0