diff --git a/migrations/001_move_json_data.go b/migrations/001_move_json_data.go
index 450ee009..1233eec0 100644
--- a/migrations/001_move_json_data.go
+++ b/migrations/001_move_json_data.go
@@ -5,22 +5,18 @@ import (
 	"path/filepath"
 
 	"github.com/yusing/go-proxy/internal/common"
-	"github.com/yusing/go-proxy/pkg"
 )
 
 var (
-	HomepageJSONConfigPathOld = filepath.Join(common.ConfigDir, ".homepage.json")
-	IconListCachePathOld      = filepath.Join(common.ConfigDir, ".icon_list_cache.json")
-	IconCachePathOld          = filepath.Join(common.ConfigDir, ".icon_cache.json")
+	homepageJSONConfigPathOld = filepath.Join(common.ConfigDir, ".homepage.json")
+	iconListCachePathOld      = filepath.Join(common.ConfigDir, ".icon_list_cache.json")
+	iconCachePathOld          = filepath.Join(common.ConfigDir, ".icon_cache.json")
 )
 
 func m001_move_json_data() error {
-	if version.IsOlderThan(pkg.Version{Major: 0, Minor: 11, Patch: 0}) {
-		return errors.Join(
-			mv(HomepageJSONConfigPathOld, common.HomepageJSONConfigPath),
-			mv(IconListCachePathOld, common.IconListCachePath),
-			mv(IconCachePathOld, common.IconCachePath),
-		)
-	}
-	return nil
+	return errors.Join(
+		mv(homepageJSONConfigPathOld, common.HomepageJSONConfigPath),
+		mv(iconListCachePathOld, common.IconListCachePath),
+		mv(iconCachePathOld, common.IconCachePath),
+	)
 }
diff --git a/migrations/migrate.go b/migrations/migrate.go
index 72174194..5227d614 100644
--- a/migrations/migrate.go
+++ b/migrations/migrate.go
@@ -2,20 +2,29 @@ package migrations
 
 import (
 	"github.com/yusing/go-proxy/internal/gperr"
+	"github.com/yusing/go-proxy/internal/logging"
 	"github.com/yusing/go-proxy/pkg"
 )
 
 func RunMigrations() error {
+	if currentVersion.IsEqual(lastVersion) {
+		return nil
+	}
+	logging.Info().Msg("running migrations...")
 	errs := gperr.NewBuilder("migration error")
-	for _, migration := range migrations {
-		if err := migration(); err != nil {
-			errs.Add(err)
+	for _, m := range migrations {
+		if !currentVersion.IsOlderThan(m.Since) {
+			continue
+		}
+		if err := m.Run(); err != nil {
+			errs.Add(gperr.PrependSubject(m.Name, err))
 		}
 	}
 	return errs.Error()
 }
 
-var version = pkg.GetVersion()
-var migrations = []func() error{
-	m001_move_json_data,
+var currentVersion = pkg.GetVersion()
+var lastVersion = pkg.GetLastVersion()
+var migrations = []migration{
+	{"move json data", m001_move_json_data, pkg.Ver(0, 11, 0)},
 }
diff --git a/migrations/migration.go b/migrations/migration.go
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..f475b1d7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/migrations/migration.go
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+package migrations
+
+import "github.com/yusing/go-proxy/pkg"
+
+type migration struct {
+	Name  string
+	Run   func() error
+	Since pkg.Version
+}
diff --git a/migrations/utils.go b/migrations/utils.go
index 630a7546..2b0ae205 100644
--- a/migrations/utils.go
+++ b/migrations/utils.go
@@ -6,9 +6,13 @@ import (
 )
 
 func mv(old, new string) error {
-	if _, err := os.Stat(old); os.IsNotExist(err) {
+	_, err := os.Stat(old)
+	if err != nil && os.IsNotExist(err) {
 		return nil
 	}
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
 	if err := os.MkdirAll(filepath.Dir(new), 0o755); err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
diff --git a/pkg/version.go b/pkg/version.go
index a5649a8b..a734b753 100644
--- a/pkg/version.go
+++ b/pkg/version.go
@@ -2,20 +2,49 @@ package pkg
 
 import (
 	"fmt"
+	"os"
+	"path/filepath"
 	"strconv"
 	"strings"
+
+	"github.com/yusing/go-proxy/internal/common"
+	"github.com/yusing/go-proxy/internal/logging"
 )
 
 func GetVersion() Version {
-	return Version{Major: major, Minor: minor, Patch: patch}
+	return currentVersion
+}
+
+func GetLastVersion() Version {
+	return lastVersion
 }
 
 func init() {
-	major, minor, patch = parseVersion(version)
+	currentVersion = parseVersion(version)
+
+	// ignore errors
+	versionFile := filepath.Join(common.DataDir, "version")
+	var lastVersionStr string
+	f, err := os.OpenFile(versionFile, os.O_RDWR|os.O_CREATE, 0o644)
+	if err == nil {
+		_, err = fmt.Fscanf(f, "%s", &lastVersionStr)
+		lastVersion = parseVersion(lastVersionStr)
+	}
+	if err != nil && !os.IsNotExist(err) {
+		logging.Warn().Err(err).Msg("failed to read version file")
+	}
+	_, err = f.WriteString(version)
+	if err != nil {
+		logging.Warn().Err(err).Msg("failed to save version file")
+	}
 }
 
 type Version struct{ Major, Minor, Patch int }
 
+func Ver(major, minor, patch int) Version {
+	return Version{major, minor, patch}
+}
+
 func (v Version) String() string {
 	return fmt.Sprintf("%d.%d.%d", v.Major, v.Minor, v.Patch)
 }
@@ -49,11 +78,16 @@ func (v Version) IsEqual(other Version) bool {
 }
 
 var (
-	version             = "unset"
-	major, minor, patch int
+	version        = "unset"
+	currentVersion Version
+	lastVersion    Version
 )
 
-func parseVersion(v string) (major, minor, patch int) {
+func parseVersion(v string) (ver Version) {
+	if v == "" {
+		return
+	}
+
 	v = strings.Split(v, "-")[0]
 	v = strings.TrimPrefix(v, "v")
 	parts := strings.Split(v, ".")
@@ -64,13 +98,13 @@ func parseVersion(v string) (major, minor, patch int) {
 	if err != nil {
 		return
 	}
-	minor, err = strconv.Atoi(parts[1])
+	minor, err := strconv.Atoi(parts[1])
 	if err != nil {
 		return
 	}
-	patch, err = strconv.Atoi(parts[2])
+	patch, err := strconv.Atoi(parts[2])
 	if err != nil {
 		return
 	}
-	return
+	return Ver(major, minor, patch)
 }