# DeltaGlider 🛸

**Store 4TB of similar files in 5GB. No, that's not a typo.**

DeltaGlider is a drop-in S3 replacement that achieves 99.9% compression for versioned artifacts, backups, and release archives through intelligent binary delta compression.

[![MIT License](https://img.shields.io/badge/license-MIT-blue.svg)](LICENSE)
[![Python 3.11+](https://img.shields.io/badge/python-3.11+-blue.svg)](https://www.python.org/downloads/)
[![xdelta3](https://img.shields.io/badge/powered%20by-xdelta3-green.svg)](http://xdelta.org/)

## The Problem We Solved

You're storing hundreds of versions of your releases. Each 100MB build differs by <1% from the previous version. You're paying to store 100GB of what's essentially 100MB of unique data.

Sound familiar?

## Real-World Impact

From our [ReadOnlyREST case study](docs/case-study-readonlyrest.md):
- **Before**: 201,840 files, 3.96TB storage, $1,120/year
- **After**: Same files, 4.9GB storage, $1.32/year
- **Compression**: 99.9% (not a typo)
- **Integration time**: 5 minutes

## How It Works

```
Traditional S3:
  v1.0.0.zip (100MB) → S3: 100MB
  v1.0.1.zip (100MB) → S3: 100MB (200MB total)
  v1.0.2.zip (100MB) → S3: 100MB (300MB total)

With DeltaGlider:
  v1.0.0.zip (100MB) → S3: 100MB reference + 0KB delta
  v1.0.1.zip (100MB) → S3: 98KB delta (100.1MB total)
  v1.0.2.zip (100MB) → S3: 97KB delta (100.3MB total)
```

## Quick Start

### Installation

```bash
# Via pip (Python 3.11+)
pip install deltaglider

# Via uv (faster)
uv pip install deltaglider

# Via Docker
docker run -v ~/.aws:/root/.aws deltaglider/deltaglider --help
```

### AWS S3 Compatible Commands

DeltaGlider is a **drop-in replacement** for AWS S3 CLI with automatic delta compression:

```bash
# Copy files to/from S3 (automatic delta compression for archives)
deltaglider cp my-app-v1.0.0.zip s3://releases/
deltaglider cp s3://releases/my-app-v1.0.0.zip ./downloaded.zip

# Recursive directory operations
deltaglider cp -r ./dist/ s3://releases/v1.0.0/
deltaglider cp -r s3://releases/v1.0.0/ ./local-copy/

# List buckets and objects
deltaglider ls                                    # List all buckets
deltaglider ls s3://releases/                     # List objects
deltaglider ls -r s3://releases/                  # Recursive listing
deltaglider ls -h --summarize s3://releases/      # Human-readable with summary

# Remove objects
deltaglider rm s3://releases/old-version.zip      # Remove single object
deltaglider rm -r s3://releases/old/              # Recursive removal
deltaglider rm --dryrun s3://releases/test.zip    # Preview deletion

# Sync directories (only transfers changes)
deltaglider sync ./local-dir/ s3://releases/      # Sync to S3
deltaglider sync s3://releases/ ./local-backup/   # Sync from S3
deltaglider sync --delete ./src/ s3://backup/     # Mirror exactly
deltaglider sync --exclude "*.log" ./src/ s3://backup/  # Exclude patterns

# Works with MinIO, R2, and S3-compatible storage
deltaglider cp file.zip s3://bucket/ --endpoint-url http://localhost:9000
```

### Legacy Commands (still supported)

```bash
# Original DeltaGlider commands
deltaglider put my-app-v1.0.0.zip s3://releases/
deltaglider get s3://releases/my-app-v1.0.1.zip
deltaglider verify s3://releases/my-app-v1.0.1.zip.delta
```

## Intelligent File Type Detection

DeltaGlider automatically detects file types and applies the optimal strategy:

| File Type | Strategy | Typical Compression |
|-----------|----------|-------------------|
| `.zip`, `.tar`, `.gz` | Binary delta | 99%+ for similar versions |
| `.dmg`, `.deb`, `.rpm` | Binary delta | 95%+ for similar versions |
| `.jar`, `.war`, `.ear` | Binary delta | 90%+ for similar builds |
| `.exe`, `.dll`, `.so` | Direct upload | 0% (no delta benefit) |
| `.txt`, `.json`, `.xml` | Direct upload | 0% (use gzip instead) |
| `.sha1`, `.sha512`, `.md5` | Direct upload | 0% (already minimal) |

## Performance Benchmarks

Testing with real software releases:

```python
# 513 Elasticsearch plugin releases (82.5MB each)
Original size:       42.3 GB
DeltaGlider size:    115 MB
Compression:         99.7%
Upload speed:        3-4 files/second
Download speed:      <100ms reconstruction
```

## Integration Examples

### Drop-in AWS CLI Replacement

```bash
# Before (aws-cli)
aws s3 cp release-v2.0.0.zip s3://releases/
aws s3 cp --recursive ./build/ s3://releases/v2.0.0/
aws s3 ls s3://releases/
aws s3 rm s3://releases/old-version.zip

# After (deltaglider) - Same commands, 99% less storage!
deltaglider cp release-v2.0.0.zip s3://releases/
deltaglider cp -r ./build/ s3://releases/v2.0.0/
deltaglider ls s3://releases/
deltaglider rm s3://releases/old-version.zip
```

### CI/CD Pipeline (GitHub Actions)

```yaml
- name: Upload Release with 99% compression
  run: |
    pip install deltaglider
    # Use AWS S3 compatible syntax
    deltaglider cp dist/*.zip s3://releases/${{ github.ref_name }}/

    # Or use recursive for entire directories
    deltaglider cp -r dist/ s3://releases/${{ github.ref_name }}/
```

### Backup Script

```bash
#!/bin/bash
# Daily backup with automatic deduplication
tar -czf backup-$(date +%Y%m%d).tar.gz /data
deltaglider cp backup-*.tar.gz s3://backups/
# Only changes are stored, not full backup

# List backups with human-readable sizes
deltaglider ls -h s3://backups/

# Clean up old backups
deltaglider rm -r s3://backups/2023/
```

### Python SDK

```python
from deltaglider import DeltaService

service = DeltaService(
    bucket="releases",
    storage_backend="s3",  # or "minio", "r2", etc
)

# Upload with automatic compression
summary = service.put("my-app-v2.0.0.zip", "v2.0.0/")
print(f"Stored {summary.original_size} as {summary.stored_size}")
# Output: Stored 104857600 as 98304 (99.9% reduction)

# Download with automatic reconstruction
service.get("v2.0.0/my-app-v2.0.0.zip", "local-copy.zip")
```

## Migration from AWS CLI

Migrating from `aws s3` to `deltaglider` is as simple as changing the command name:

| AWS CLI | DeltaGlider | Compression Benefit |
|---------|------------|-------------------|
| `aws s3 cp file.zip s3://bucket/` | `deltaglider cp file.zip s3://bucket/` | ✅ 99% for similar files |
| `aws s3 cp -r dir/ s3://bucket/` | `deltaglider cp -r dir/ s3://bucket/` | ✅ 99% for archives |
| `aws s3 ls s3://bucket/` | `deltaglider ls s3://bucket/` | - |
| `aws s3 rm s3://bucket/file` | `deltaglider rm s3://bucket/file` | - |
| `aws s3 sync dir/ s3://bucket/` | `deltaglider sync dir/ s3://bucket/` | ✅ 99% incremental |

### Compatibility Flags

```bash
# All standard AWS flags work
deltaglider cp file.zip s3://bucket/ \
  --endpoint-url http://localhost:9000 \
  --profile production \
  --region us-west-2

# DeltaGlider-specific flags
deltaglider cp file.zip s3://bucket/ \
  --no-delta              # Disable compression for specific files
  --max-ratio 0.8         # Only use delta if compression > 20%
```

## Architecture

DeltaGlider uses a clean hexagonal architecture:

```
┌─────────────┐     ┌──────────────┐     ┌─────────────┐
│   Your App  │────▶│ DeltaGlider  │────▶│  S3/MinIO   │
│   (CLI/SDK) │     │    Core      │     │   Storage   │
└─────────────┘     └──────────────┘     └─────────────┘
                           │
                    ┌──────▼───────┐
                    │ Local Cache  │
                    │ (References) │
                    └──────────────┘
```

**Key Components:**
- **Binary diff engine**: xdelta3 for optimal compression
- **Intelligent routing**: Automatic file type detection
- **Integrity verification**: SHA256 on every operation
- **Local caching**: Fast repeated operations
- **Zero dependencies**: No database, no manifest files

## When to Use DeltaGlider

✅ **Perfect for:**
- Software releases and versioned artifacts
- Container images and layers
- Database backups and snapshots
- Machine learning model checkpoints
- Game assets and updates
- Any versioned binary data

❌ **Not ideal for:**
- Already compressed unique files
- Streaming media files
- Frequently changing unstructured data
- Files smaller than 1MB

## Comparison

| Solution | Compression | Speed | Integration | Cost |
|----------|------------|-------|-------------|------|
| **DeltaGlider** | 99%+ | Fast | Drop-in | Open source |
| S3 Versioning | 0% | Native | Built-in | $$ per version |
| Deduplication | 30-50% | Slow | Complex | Enterprise $$$ |
| Git LFS | Good | Slow | Git-only | $ per GB |
| Restic/Borg | 80-90% | Medium | Backup-only | Open source |

## Production Ready

- ✅ **Battle tested**: 200K+ files in production
- ✅ **Data integrity**: SHA256 verification on every operation
- ✅ **S3 compatible**: Works with AWS, MinIO, Cloudflare R2, etc.
- ✅ **Atomic operations**: No partial states
- ✅ **Concurrent safe**: Multiple clients supported
- ✅ **Well tested**: 95%+ code coverage

## Development

```bash
# Clone the repo
git clone https://github.com/your-org/deltaglider
cd deltaglider

# Install with dev dependencies
uv pip install -e ".[dev]"

# Run tests
uv run pytest

# Run with local MinIO
docker-compose up -d
export AWS_ENDPOINT_URL=http://localhost:9000
deltaglider put test.zip s3://test/
```

## FAQ

**Q: What if my reference file gets corrupted?**
A: Every operation includes SHA256 verification. Corruption is detected immediately.

**Q: How fast is reconstruction?**
A: Sub-100ms for typical files. The delta is applied in-memory using xdelta3.

**Q: Can I use this with existing S3 data?**
A: Yes! DeltaGlider can start optimizing new uploads immediately. Old data remains accessible.

**Q: What's the overhead for unique files?**
A: Zero. Files without similarity are uploaded directly.

**Q: Is this compatible with S3 encryption?**
A: Yes, DeltaGlider respects all S3 settings including SSE, KMS, and bucket policies.

## The Math

For `N` versions of a `S` MB file with `D%` difference between versions:

**Traditional S3**: `N × S` MB
**DeltaGlider**: `S + (N-1) × S × D%` MB

Example: 100 versions of 100MB files with 1% difference:
- **Traditional**: 10,000 MB
- **DeltaGlider**: 199 MB
- **Savings**: 98%

## Contributing

We welcome contributions! See [CONTRIBUTING.md](CONTRIBUTING.md) for guidelines.

Key areas we're exploring:
- Cloud-native reference management
- Rust implementation for 10x speed
- Automatic similarity detection
- Multi-threaded delta generation
- WASM support for browser usage

## License

MIT - Use it freely in your projects.

## Success Stories

> "We reduced our artifact storage from 4TB to 5GB. This isn't hyperbole—it's math."
> — [ReadOnlyREST Case Study](docs/case-study-readonlyrest.md)

> "Our CI/CD pipeline now uploads 100x faster. Deploys that took minutes now take seconds."
> — Platform Engineer at [redacted]

> "We were about to buy expensive deduplication storage. DeltaGlider saved us $50K/year."
> — CTO at [stealth startup]

---

**Try it now**: Got versioned files in S3? See your potential savings:

```bash
# Analyze your S3 bucket
deltaglider analyze s3://your-bucket/
# Output: "Potential savings: 95.2% (4.8TB → 237GB)"
```

Built with ❤️ by engineers who were tired of paying to store the same bytes over and over.