//
//  Where.swift
//  CoreStore
//
//  Copyright © 2018 John Rommel Estropia
//
//  Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
//  of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
//  in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
//  to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
//  copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
//  furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
//
//  The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
//  copies or substantial portions of the Software.
//
//  THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
//  IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
//  FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
//  AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
//  LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
//  OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
//  SOFTWARE.
//

import Foundation
import CoreData


infix operator &&? : LogicalConjunctionPrecedence
infix operator ||? : LogicalConjunctionPrecedence


// MARK: - Where

/**
 The `Where` clause specifies the conditions for a fetch or a query.
 */
public struct Where<O: DynamicObject>: WhereClauseType, FetchClause, QueryClause, DeleteClause, Hashable {
    
    /**
     Combines two `Where` predicates together using `AND` operator
     */
    public static func && (left: Where<O>, right: Where<O>) -> Where<O> {
        
        return Where<O>(NSCompoundPredicate(type: .and, subpredicates: [left.predicate, right.predicate]))
    }

    /**
     Combines two `Where` predicates together using `OR` operator
     */
    public static func || (left: Where<O>, right: Where<O>) -> Where<O> {
        
        return Where<O>(NSCompoundPredicate(type: .or, subpredicates: [left.predicate, right.predicate]))
    }
    
    /**
     Inverts the predicate of a `Where` clause using `NOT` operator
     */
    public static prefix func ! (clause: Where<O>) -> Where<O> {
        
        return Where<O>(NSCompoundPredicate(type: .not, subpredicates: [clause.predicate]))
    }
        
    /**
     Combines two `Where` predicates together using `AND` operator.
     - returns: `left` if `right` is `nil`, otherwise equivalent to `(left && right)`
     */
    public static func &&? (left: Where<O>, right: Where<O>?) -> Where<O> {
        
        if let right = right {
            
            return left && right
        }
        return left
    }
    
    /**
     Combines two `Where` predicates together using `AND` operator.
     - returns: `right` if `left` is `nil`, otherwise equivalent to `(left && right)`
     */
    public static func &&? (left: Where<O>?, right: Where<O>) -> Where<O> {
        
        if let left = left {
            
            return left && right
        }
        return right
    }
    
    /**
     Combines two `Where` predicates together using `OR` operator.
     - returns: `left` if `right` is `nil`, otherwise equivalent to `(left || right)`
     */
    public static func ||? (left: Where<O>, right: Where<O>?) -> Where<O> {
        
        if let right = right {
            
            return left || right
        }
        return left
    }
    
    /**
     Combines two `Where` predicates together using `OR` operator.
     - returns: `right` if `left` is `nil`, otherwise equivalent to `(left || right)`
     */
    public static func ||? (left: Where<O>?, right: Where<O>) -> Where<O> {
        
        if let left = left {
            
            return left || right
        }
        return right
    }
    
    /**
     Initializes a `Where` clause with a predicate that always evaluates to `true`
     */
    public init() {
        
        self.init(true)
    }

    /**
     Initializes a `Where` clause with an existing `Where` clause.

     - parameter clause: the existing `Where` clause.
     */
    public init(_ clause: Where<O>) {

        self.init(clause.predicate)
    }
    
    /**
     Initializes a `Where` clause with a predicate that always evaluates to the specified boolean value
     
     - parameter value: the boolean value for the predicate
     */
    public init(_ value: Bool) {
        
        self.init(NSPredicate(value: value))
    }
    
    /**
     Initializes a `Where` clause with a predicate using the specified string format and arguments
     
     - parameter format: the format string for the predicate
     - parameter args: the arguments for `format`
     */
    public init(_ format: String, _ args: Any...) {
        
        self.init(NSPredicate(format: format, argumentArray: args))
    }
    
    /**
     Initializes a `Where` clause with a predicate using the specified string format and arguments
     
     - parameter format: the format string for the predicate
     - parameter argumentArray: the arguments for `format`
     */
    public init(_ format: String, argumentArray: [Any]?) {
        
        self.init(NSPredicate(format: format, argumentArray: argumentArray))
    }
    
    /**
     Initializes a `Where` clause that compares equality to `nil`
     
     - parameter keyPath: the keyPath to compare with
     - parameter null: the arguments for the `==` operator
     */
    public init(_ keyPath: KeyPathString, isEqualTo null: Void?) {
        
        self.init(NSPredicate(format: "\(keyPath) == nil"))
    }

    /**
     Initializes a `Where` clause that compares equality

     - parameter keyPath: the keyPath to compare with
     - parameter value: the arguments for the `==` operator
     */
    public init<V: FieldStorableType>(_ keyPath: KeyPathString, isEqualTo value: V) {

        switch value {

        case nil,
             is NSNull:
            self.init(NSPredicate(format: "\(keyPath) == nil"))

        case let value:
            self.init(NSPredicate(format: "\(keyPath) == %@", argumentArray: [value.cs_toFieldStoredNativeType() as Any]))
        }
    }

    /**
     Initializes a `Where` clause that compares equality

     - parameter keyPath: the keyPath to compare with
     - parameter value: the arguments for the `==` operator
     */
    @_disfavoredOverload
    public init<U: QueryableAttributeType>(_ keyPath: KeyPathString, isEqualTo value: U?) {

        switch value {

        case nil,
             is NSNull:
            self.init(NSPredicate(format: "\(keyPath) == nil"))

        case let value?:
            self.init(NSPredicate(format: "\(keyPath) == %@", argumentArray: [value.cs_toQueryableNativeType()]))
        }
    }
    
    /**
     Initializes a `Where` clause that compares equality
     
     - parameter keyPath: the keyPath to compare with
     - parameter object: the arguments for the `==` operator
     */
    public init<O: DynamicObject>(_ keyPath: KeyPathString, isEqualTo object: O?) {
        
        switch object {
            
        case nil:
            self.init(NSPredicate(format: "\(keyPath) == nil"))
            
        case let object?:
            self.init(NSPredicate(format: "\(keyPath) == %@", argumentArray: [object.cs_id()]))
        }
    }
    
    /**
     Initializes a `Where` clause that compares equality
     
     - parameter keyPath: the keyPath to compare with
     - parameter objectID: the arguments for the `==` operator
     */
    public init(_ keyPath: KeyPathString, isEqualTo objectID: NSManagedObjectID) {
        
        self.init(NSPredicate(format: "\(keyPath) == %@", argumentArray: [objectID]))
    }

    /**
     Initializes a `Where` clause that compares membership

     - parameter keyPath: the keyPath to compare with
     - parameter list: the sequence to check membership of
     */
    public init<S: Sequence>(_ keyPath: KeyPathString, isMemberOf list: S) where S.Iterator.Element: FieldStorableType {

        self.init(NSPredicate(format: "\(keyPath) IN %@", list.map({ $0.cs_toFieldStoredNativeType() }) as NSArray))
    }
    
    /**
     Initializes a `Where` clause that compares membership
     
     - parameter keyPath: the keyPath to compare with
     - parameter list: the sequence to check membership of
     */
    @_disfavoredOverload
    public init<S: Sequence>(_ keyPath: KeyPathString, isMemberOf list: S) where S.Iterator.Element: QueryableAttributeType {
        
        self.init(NSPredicate(format: "\(keyPath) IN %@", list.map({ $0.cs_toQueryableNativeType() }) as NSArray))
    }
    
    /**
     Initializes a `Where` clause that compares membership
     
     - parameter keyPath: the keyPath to compare with
     - parameter list: the sequence to check membership of
     */
    public init<S: Sequence>(_ keyPath: KeyPathString, isMemberOf list: S) where S.Iterator.Element: DynamicObject {
        
        self.init(NSPredicate(format: "\(keyPath) IN %@", list.map({ $0.cs_id() }) as NSArray))
    }
    
    /**
     Initializes a `Where` clause that compares membership
     
     - parameter keyPath: the keyPath to compare with
     - parameter list: the sequence to check membership of
     */
    public init<S: Sequence>(_ keyPath: KeyPathString, isMemberOf list: S) where S.Iterator.Element: NSManagedObjectID {
        
        self.init(NSPredicate(format: "\(keyPath) IN %@", list.map({ $0 }) as NSArray))
    }
    
    
    // MARK: AnyWhereClause
    
    public let predicate: NSPredicate
    
    public init(_ predicate: NSPredicate) {
        
        self.predicate = predicate
    }
    
    
    // MARK: WhereClauseType
    
    public typealias ObjectType = O
    
    
    // MARK: FetchClause, QueryClause, DeleteClause
    
    public func applyToFetchRequest<ResultType>(_ fetchRequest: NSFetchRequest<ResultType>) {
        
        if let predicate = fetchRequest.predicate, predicate != self.predicate {
            
            Internals.log(
                .warning,
                message: "An existing predicate for the \(Internals.typeName(fetchRequest)) was overwritten by \(Internals.typeName(self)) query clause."
            )
        }
        
        fetchRequest.predicate = self.predicate
    }
    
    
    // MARK: Equatable
    
    public static func == (lhs: Where, rhs: Where) -> Bool {
        
        return lhs.predicate == rhs.predicate
    }
    
    
    // MARK: Hashable

    public func hash(into hasher: inout Hasher) {

        hasher.combine(self.predicate)
    }
    
    
    // MARK: Deprecated

    @available(*, deprecated, renamed: "O")
    public typealias D = O
}


// MARK: - Where where O: NSManagedObject

extension Where where O: NSManagedObject {
    
    /**
     Initializes a `Where` clause that compares equality to `nil`
     
     - parameter keyPath: the keyPath to compare with
     - parameter null: the arguments for the `==` operator
     */
    public init<V: QueryableAttributeType>(_ keyPath: KeyPath<O, V>, isEqualTo null: Void?) {
        
        self.init(keyPath._kvcKeyPathString!, isEqualTo: null)
    }
    
    /**
     Initializes a `Where` clause that compares equality to `nil`
     
     - parameter keyPath: the keyPath to compare with
     - parameter null: the arguments for the `==` operator
     */
    public init<D: DynamicObject>(_ keyPath: KeyPath<O, D>, isEqualTo null: Void?) {
        
        self.init(keyPath._kvcKeyPathString!, isEqualTo: null)
    }
    
    /**
     Initializes a `Where` clause that compares equality
     
     - parameter keyPath: the keyPath to compare with
     - parameter value: the arguments for the `==` operator
     */
    public init<V: QueryableAttributeType>(_ keyPath: KeyPath<O, V>, isEqualTo value: V?) {
        
        self.init(keyPath._kvcKeyPathString!, isEqualTo: value)
    }
    
    /**
     Initializes a `Where` clause that compares equality
     
     - parameter keyPath: the keyPath to compare with
     - parameter value: the arguments for the `==` operator
     */
    public init<D: DynamicObject>(_ keyPath: KeyPath<O, D>, isEqualTo value: D?) {
        
        self.init(keyPath._kvcKeyPathString!, isEqualTo: value)
    }
    
    /**
     Initializes a `Where` clause that compares equality
     
     - parameter keyPath: the keyPath to compare with
     - parameter objectID: the arguments for the `==` operator
     */
    public init<D: DynamicObject>(_ keyPath: KeyPath<O, D>, isEqualTo objectID: NSManagedObjectID) {
        
        self.init(keyPath._kvcKeyPathString!, isEqualTo: objectID)
    }
    
    /**
     Initializes a `Where` clause that compares membership
     
     - parameter keyPath: the keyPath to compare with
     - parameter list: the sequence to check membership of
     */
    public init<V: QueryableAttributeType, S: Sequence>(_ keyPath: KeyPath<O, V>, isMemberOf list: S) where S.Iterator.Element == V {
        
        self.init(keyPath._kvcKeyPathString!, isMemberOf: list)
    }
    
    /**
     Initializes a `Where` clause that compares membership
     
     - parameter keyPath: the keyPath to compare with
     - parameter list: the sequence to check membership of
     */
    public init<D: DynamicObject, S: Sequence>(_ keyPath: KeyPath<O, D>, isMemberOf list: S) where S.Iterator.Element == D {
        
        self.init(keyPath._kvcKeyPathString!, isMemberOf: list)
    }
    
    /**
     Initializes a `Where` clause that compares membership
     
     - parameter keyPath: the keyPath to compare with
     - parameter list: the sequence to check membership of
     */
    public init<D: DynamicObject, S: Sequence>(_ keyPath: KeyPath<D, O>, isMemberOf list: S) where S.Iterator.Element: NSManagedObjectID {
        
        self.init(keyPath._kvcKeyPathString!, isMemberOf: list)
    }
}


// MARK: - Where where O: CoreStoreObject

extension Where where O: CoreStoreObject {

    /**
     Initializes a `Where` clause that compares equality

     - parameter keyPath: the keyPath to compare with
     - parameter value: the arguments for the `==` operator
     */
    public init<V>(_ keyPath: KeyPath<O, FieldContainer<O>.Stored<V>>, isEqualTo value: V) {

        self.init(O.meta[keyPath: keyPath].keyPath, isEqualTo: value)
    }

    /**
     Initializes a `Where` clause that compares equality

     - parameter keyPath: the keyPath to compare with
     - parameter value: the arguments for the `==` operator
     */
    public init<V: FieldRelationshipToOneType>(_ keyPath: KeyPath<O, FieldContainer<O>.Relationship<V>>, isEqualTo value: V.DestinationObjectType?) {

        self.init(O.meta[keyPath: keyPath].keyPath, isEqualTo: value)
    }
    
    /**
     Initializes a `Where` clause that compares equality to `nil`
     
     - parameter keyPath: the keyPath to compare with
     - parameter null: the arguments for the `==` operator
     */
    public init<V>(_ keyPath: KeyPath<O, FieldContainer<O>.Stored<V>>, isEqualTo null: Void?) {
        
        self.init(O.meta[keyPath: keyPath].keyPath, isEqualTo: null)
    }
    
    /**
     Initializes a `Where` clause that compares equality to `nil`
     
     - parameter keyPath: the keyPath to compare with
     - parameter null: the arguments for the `==` operator
     */
    public init<V: FieldRelationshipToOneType>(_ keyPath: KeyPath<O, FieldContainer<O>.Relationship<V>>, isEqualTo null: Void?) {
        
        self.init(O.meta[keyPath: keyPath].keyPath, isEqualTo: null)
    }
    
    /**
     Initializes a `Where` clause that compares membership
     
     - parameter keyPath: the keyPath to compare with
     - parameter list: the sequence to check membership of
     */
    public init<V, S: Sequence>(_ keyPath: KeyPath<O, FieldContainer<O>.Stored<V>>, isMemberOf list: S) where S.Iterator.Element == V {
        
        self.init(O.meta[keyPath: keyPath].keyPath, isMemberOf: list)
    }
    
    /**
     Initializes a `Where` clause that compares membership
     
     - parameter keyPath: the keyPath to compare with
     - parameter list: the sequence to check membership of
     */
    public init<V: FieldRelationshipToOneType, S: Sequence>(_ keyPath: KeyPath<O, FieldContainer<O>.Relationship<V>>, isMemberOf list: S) where S.Iterator.Element == V.DestinationObjectType {
        
        self.init(O.meta[keyPath: keyPath].keyPath, isMemberOf: list)
    }
    
    /**
     Initializes a `Where` clause that compares membership
     
     - parameter keyPath: the keyPath to compare with
     - parameter list: the sequence to check membership of
     */
    public init<V: FieldRelationshipToOneType, S: Sequence>(_ keyPath: KeyPath<O, FieldContainer<O>.Relationship<V>>, isMemberOf list: S) where S.Iterator.Element: NSManagedObjectID {
        
        self.init(O.meta[keyPath: keyPath].keyPath, isMemberOf: list)
    }
    
    /**
     Initializes a `Where` clause that compares equality
     
     - parameter keyPath: the keyPath to compare with
     - parameter value: the arguments for the `==` operator
     */
    public init<V>(_ keyPath: KeyPath<O, ValueContainer<O>.Required<V>>, isEqualTo value: V?) {
        
        self.init(O.meta[keyPath: keyPath].keyPath, isEqualTo: value)
    }
    
    /**
     Initializes a `Where` clause that compares equality
     
     - parameter keyPath: the keyPath to compare with
     - parameter value: the arguments for the `==` operator
     */
    public init<V>(_ keyPath: KeyPath<O, ValueContainer<O>.Optional<V>>, isEqualTo value: V?) {
        
        self.init(O.meta[keyPath: keyPath].keyPath, isEqualTo: value)
    }
    
    /**
     Initializes a `Where` clause that compares equality to `nil`
     
     - parameter keyPath: the keyPath to compare with
     - parameter null: the arguments for the `==` operator
     */
    public init<V>(_ keyPath: KeyPath<O, ValueContainer<O>.Optional<V>>, isEqualTo null: Void?) {
        
        self.init(O.meta[keyPath: keyPath].keyPath, isEqualTo: null)
    }
    
    /**
     Initializes a `Where` clause that compares equality to `nil`
     
     - parameter keyPath: the keyPath to compare with
     - parameter null: the arguments for the `==` operator
     */
    public init<D>(_ keyPath: KeyPath<O, RelationshipContainer<O>.ToOne<D>>, isEqualTo null: Void?) {
        
        self.init(O.meta[keyPath: keyPath].keyPath, isEqualTo: null)
    }
    
    /**
     Initializes a `Where` clause that compares equality
     
     - parameter keyPath: the keyPath to compare with
     - parameter value: the arguments for the `==` operator
     */
    public init<D>(_ keyPath: KeyPath<O, RelationshipContainer<O>.ToOne<D>>, isEqualTo value: D?) {
        
        self.init(O.meta[keyPath: keyPath].keyPath, isEqualTo: value)
    }
    
    /**
     Initializes a `Where` clause that compares equality
     
     - parameter keyPath: the keyPath to compare with
     - parameter objectID: the arguments for the `==` operator
     */
    public init<D>(_ keyPath: KeyPath<O, RelationshipContainer<O>.ToOne<D>>, isEqualTo objectID: NSManagedObjectID) {
        
        self.init(O.meta[keyPath: keyPath].keyPath, isEqualTo: objectID)
    }
    
    /**
     Initializes a `Where` clause that compares membership
     
     - parameter keyPath: the keyPath to compare with
     - parameter list: the sequence to check membership of
     */
    public init<V, S: Sequence>(_ keyPath: KeyPath<O, ValueContainer<O>.Required<V>>, isMemberOf list: S) where S.Iterator.Element == V {
        
        self.init(O.meta[keyPath: keyPath].keyPath, isMemberOf: list)
    }
    
    /**
     Initializes a `Where` clause that compares membership
     
     - parameter keyPath: the keyPath to compare with
     - parameter list: the sequence to check membership of
     */
    public init<V, S: Sequence>(_ keyPath: KeyPath<O, ValueContainer<O>.Optional<V>>, isMemberOf list: S) where S.Iterator.Element == V {
        
        self.init(O.meta[keyPath: keyPath].keyPath, isMemberOf: list)
    }
    
    /**
     Initializes a `Where` clause that compares membership
     
     - parameter keyPath: the keyPath to compare with
     - parameter list: the sequence to check membership of
     */
    public init<D, S: Sequence>(_ keyPath: KeyPath<O, RelationshipContainer<O>.ToOne<D>>, isMemberOf list: S) where S.Iterator.Element == D {
        
        self.init(O.meta[keyPath: keyPath].keyPath, isMemberOf: list)
    }
    
    /**
     Initializes a `Where` clause that compares membership
     
     - parameter keyPath: the keyPath to compare with
     - parameter list: the sequence to check membership of
     */
    public init<D, S: Sequence>(_ keyPath: KeyPath<O, RelationshipContainer<O>.ToOne<D>>, isMemberOf list: S) where S.Iterator.Element: NSManagedObjectID {
        
        self.init(O.meta[keyPath: keyPath].keyPath, isMemberOf: list)
    }
    
    /**
     Initializes a `Where` clause from a closure
     
     - parameter condition: closure that returns the `Where` clause
     */
    public init(_ condition: (O) -> Where<O>) {
        
        self = condition(O.meta)
    }
}


// MARK: - Sequence where Iterator.Element: WhereClauseType

extension Sequence where Iterator.Element: WhereClauseType {
    
    /**
     Combines multiple `Where` predicates together using `AND` operator
     */
    public func combinedByAnd() -> Where<Iterator.Element.ObjectType> {
        
        return Where(NSCompoundPredicate(type: .and, subpredicates: self.map({ $0.predicate })))
    }
    
    /**
     Combines multiple `Where` predicates together using `OR` operator
     */
    public func combinedByOr() -> Where<Iterator.Element.ObjectType> {
        
        return Where(NSCompoundPredicate(type: .or, subpredicates: self.map({ $0.predicate })))
    }
}